Table 3.
Predictors of death (within 14 days) for patients with suspected HAI (n = 973)a
| Variable | Alive (N = 758)b | Dead (N = 215) | Univariate analysis, OR (95% CI) | Multivariate analysis,c OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age: mean (SD) | 36.91 (15.86) | 40.48 (16.87) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) |
| Gender: male, n (%) | 429 (56.6) | 115 (53.5) | 0.88 (0.65–1.20) | |
| Prior hospitalizations (6 months), n (%) | 315 (41.6) | 86 (40.0) | 0.94 (0.69–1.28) | |
| Antibiotics in prior 4 weeks, n (%) | 724 (95.5) | 210 (97.7) | 1.97 (0.76–5.11) | |
| Number of prior antibiotic courses, n (%) | ||||
| 0 | 34 (4.5) | 5 (2.3) | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 102 (13.5) | 17 (7.9) | 1.13 (0.39–3.31) | 1.04 (0.35–3.12) |
| 2 | 237 (31.3) | 51 (23.7) | 1.46 (0.55–3.93) | 1.18 (0.43–3.24) |
| 3 | 181 (23.9) | 51 (23.7) | 1.92 (0.71–5.16) | 1.38 (0.50–3.81) |
| 4+ | 204 (26.9) | 91 (42.3) | 3.03 (1.15–8.02) | 1.99 (0.73–5.41) |
| HIV status, n (%) | ||||
| positive | 47 (6.2) | 25 (11.6) | 1.94 (1.11–3.39) | 1.98 (1.10–3.57) |
| unknown | 474 (62.5) | 125 (58.1) | 0.96 (0.69–1.35) | 1.05 (0.73–1.51) |
| Malignancy, n (%) | 161 (21.2) | 69 (32.1) | 1.75 (1.25–2.45) | 2.15 (1.49–3.11) |
| Hepatic disease, n (%) | 19 (2.5) | 14 (6.5) | 2.71 (1.33–5.50) | 3.00 (1.42–6.35) |
| Admission to ICU, n (%) | 108 (14.2) | 53 (24.7) | 1.97 (1.36–2.85) | 2.21 (1.46–3.33) |
| Blood culture result, n (%) | ||||
| not tested or no result | 218 (28.8) | 41 (19.1) | 1 | 1 |
| negative (non-BSI) | 375 (49.5) | 98 (45.6) | 1.39 (0.93–2.08) | 1.30 (0.85–1.98) |
| positive (BSI) | 165 (21.8) | 76 (35.3) | 2.45 (1.59–3.77) | 1.99 (1.26–3.15) |
| Subgroup: BSI, n (%) | ||||
| with Enterobacteriaceae | 76 (46.1) | 41 (53.9) | 1.37 (0.79–2.37) | |
| without Enterobacteriaceae | 89 (53.9) | 35 (46.1) | 1 | |
| Subgroup: BSI, Enterobacteriaceae, n (%) | ||||
| ceftriaxone results | ||||
| resistant | 55 (72.4) | 40 (97.6) | 15.27 (1.97–118.29) | |
| susceptible | 21 (27.6) | 1 (2.4) | 1 | |
| carbapenem results | ||||
| resistantd | 19 (29.2) | 8 (21.6) | 0.67 (0.27–1.72) | |
| susceptible | 46 (70.8) | 29 (78.4) | 1 |
a
A total of 5 patients with missing 14 day status were excluded from this comparison.
b
Includes patients who were either discharged or alive and still hospitalized at 14 days.
c
Variables with 0.05 significance level were selected from the univariate model.
d
Carbapenem susceptibility results were available for 65 (of the 76) blood culture isolates in the ‘alive’ group and for 37 (of the 41) isolates in the ‘dead’ group.