Table 1.

Summary detail of 18 ESBL-E studies

Ref.	First author	Country	Study period	Study population and organism	Outcomes	Infection sitea	ESBL-E group: non-ESBL-E group
							n	mean/ median age (years)	% male	mean/ median CCI	mean/ median APACHE	% AIAT
34	Tumbarello	Italy	Jan 1999–Dec 2003	Inpatients with BSI caused by K. pneumoniae	Shock, 21 day mortality	BSI	48:99	64:58	64:73	3.68:3.07	19:16	50:98
35	Apisarnthanarak	Thailand	Jul 2003– Jun 2004	Inpatients with community-onset E. coli infection	Mortality	UTI, BSI, pneumonia	46:46	64:63	29:28	—	10:8	63:96
44	Gudiol	Spain	Jan 2006–Oct 2008	Inpatients with cancer and HSCT and BSI caused by E. coli	Shock, 30 day mortality	BSI	17:118	61.5:59.1	29:63	—	—	35:94
45	Tumbarello	Italy	Jan 2006–Dec 2006	Inpatients with BSI caused by E. coli	Shock, 21 day mortality	BSI	37:97	59:63	49:48	2.28:2.35	—	46:93
46	Lee	Taiwan	2001–08	Patients with BSI caused by E. cloacae	28 day mortality	BSI	121:85	63.1:62.9	56:64	—	—	—
47	Kurihara	Japan	2001–10	Patients with BSI caused by P. mirabilis	Shock, 30 day mortality	BSI	13:51	69:78	69:47	—	—	54:88
48	Ha	South Korea	Jan 2010–May 2012	Patients with cancer and BSI caused by E. coli	Shock, 30 day mortalityb	BSI	95:255	55.9:59.6	58:54	4:6	—	53:95
49	Gürntke	Germany	Jan 2008–Dec 2011	Patients with BSI caused by K pneumoniae	Mortalityc	BSI	66:286	—	71:64	6:6	—	—
50	Denis	France	Jan 2005–Dec 2008	Inpatients with BSI caused by E. coli	30 day mortalityd	BSI	41:41	54:56	66:68	—	18:18	48:85
51	Cornejo-Juárez	Mexico	Nov 2012–Jan 2014	Inpatients with haematological malignancy, without history of chemotherapy, without antimicrobial in last 30 days, with E. coli intestinal colonization	BSI	Colonized	63:63	40.4:43	60:64	—	—	—
36	Ahn	South Korea	Nov 2005–Dec 2013	Inpatients with BSI caused by P. mirabilis	Shock, 28 day mortalitye	BSI	14:48	74.5:71	64:38	2:2	13.5:12	57:81
37	Komatsu	Japan	Jan 2008–May 2013	Patients with BSI caused by E. coli	14 day mortality	BSI	30:85	66.5:72.3	63:44	4.2:2.7	—	—
38	Yoon	South Korea	May 2016–Apr 2017	Patients with BSI caused by E. coli	30 day mortality	BSI	463:1029	—	—	—	—	—
39	Zhang	China	Jan 2013–Sep 2017	Inpatients with cancer and BSI caused by E. coli	30 day mortality	BSI	160:164	61:62	46:50	—	—	—
40	de Lastours	France	Oct 2016–Jul 2017	Patients with BSI caused by E. coli	28 day mortality	BSI	86:459	—	—	—	—	—
41	Nham	South Korea	2010–12	Patients with cancer and BSI caused by K. pneumoniae	30 day mortality	BSI	50:228	55.8:57.7	52:61	5.16:4.96	—	48:97
42	Lee	Taiwan	May 2008–Aug 2012	Patients with BSI caused by E. cloacae and treated with adequate doses of cefepime	30 day mortalityf	BSI	40:32	—	—	—	—	—
43	Endimiani	Italy	Jan 1997–Jun 2004	Patients with BSI caused by P. mirabilis	Shock, 60 day mortality	BSI	9:14	70.9:67.3	78:50	4:4.1	—	56:86

AIAT, appropriate initial antibiotic therapy; BSI, bloodstream infection; CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; Ref., reference; UTI, urinary tract infection.

^aThree most prevalent sites of infection in sample.

^bAdjusted for septic shock, mechanical ventilation, CCI, urinary tract, respiratory tract or intra-abdominal infection as source of bacteraemia.

^cAdjusted for CCI.

^dAdjusted for APACHE.

^eAdjusted for previous antibiotic use, SOFA score.

^fAdjusted for Pitt bacteraemia score ≥4, rapidly fatal underlying diseases, high-dose cefepime regimen, cefepime susceptible dose dependent isolate.