Table 4.
Distribution of individuals according to the etiology of NOA and the testicular sperm extraction outcomes
| Overall NOA individuals n = 132 |
Sperm retrieval | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Successful n = 45 |
Failure n = 87 |
|||
| Etiology | ||||
| Unexplained NOA ¤ | 69 | 20 (30 %) | 49 (70 %) | *0.19 |
| Cryptorchidism NOA ¤ | 25 | 15 (60 %) | 10 (40 %) | **0.006 |
| Cytotoxic NOA ¤¤ | 8 | 1 (12.5 %) | 7 (87.5 %) | **0.43 |
| Hodgkin disease | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| Leukemia | 3 | 0 | 3 | |
| Neuroblastoma | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Germ cell tumor | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Rectal cancer | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| Genetic NOA ¤ | 30 | 9 (30 %) | 21 (70 %) | **0.91 |
| Klinefelter syndrome | 19 | 6 | 13 | |
| Other karyotype abnormalities | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| Y-chromosome microdeletions | 9 | 3 | 6 | |
Statistical analysis was performed by the two-tailed Chi-squared (¤) or Fisher’s exact (¤¤) tests
Abbreviations: OA Obstructive azoospermia, NOA Nonobstructive azoospermia,TESE Testicular sperm extraction
(*) versus other etiologies of NOA, (**) versus unexplained NOA