Figure 5. TBI induces vascular pathology that is attenuated by pioglitazone.
A-D) Representative sections indicate TBI induces accumulation of intravascular IgG (green) as well as mild extravasation that colocalizes with CD31 positive endothelial cells (blue) this is attenuated by pioglitazone. GFAP positive astrocytes (red) are also in close contact with IgG positive vessels. A’-D’) Corresponding insets of cortical staining. Size of insets indicated by white box in A). E) Among vehicle-treated mice TBI significantly increased IgG accumulation relative to CON, but Pio treatment reduced IgG accumulation to CON levels. An asterisk (*) indicates significance at p < 0.05.