Recombinant PTX3 inhibits M2 macrophages polarization and suppresses gastric cancer progression promoted by M2 macrophages. (A) The viability assay of rhPTX3 with different concentrations (0 to 60 ng/ml) on the THP-1 cells through the CCK-8 assay for 48 h. (B) The viability assay of rhPTX3 with different concentrations (0 to 60 ng/ml) on the THP-1 cells through the CCK-8 assay for 72 h. (C) THP-1 cells were treated with 320 nM PMA for 24h, then cultured by the additional IL4 and IL13 with or without rhPTX3 (40 ng/ml) for another 48 h. Detection of CD206 expression by flow cytometry. (D) THP-1 cells were treated as indicated in (C), gene expressions of Arg1, IL10, TGF-β and CCL22 were examined through qRT-PCR. (E) Schematic diagram of co-culture system for TAMs and gastric cancer cells. (F, G) Representative images from cell migration and invasion assay of BGC-823 and SGC-7901 cells after co-culturing with M2 macrophages (Untreated) or rhPTX3-treated-M2 macrophages ( rhPTX3) (Scale bars: 100 µm) (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01).