MRPL52 promotes mitophagy in hypoxic BC cells. (A) Mitochondrial ultrastructure in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells under TEM. Black arrows point to mitophagy and white arrows point to vacuolar deformation of mitochondria. Scale bars, 2 µm. (B) Mitochondria were stained using MitoTracker probe. Scale bars, 5 µm. (C) Autophagy induction was investigated by examining the protein levels of p62 and LC3B by WB. The LC3BII protein level on mitochondrial fraction was assessed by WB in order to detect the mitophagy. Mito, mitochondrial protein. (D) MDA-MB-231 cells were co-transfected with GFP-LC3B and the indicated plasmid, cultured under hypoxia for 24 h, and stained with MitoTracker probe. The colocalization of LC3B puncta (green) with mitochondria puncta (red) marked by yellow fluorescent intensity was analyzed by confocal fluorescence microscopy (mean ± SD, n = 3). *P < 0.05. Scale bars, 10 µm.