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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 17.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2020 Feb 26;13(5):475–482. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-19-0549

Table 3.

Multivariable-adjusted associations between changes in body mass index (BMI) over the life course and mammographic breast density

BMI b N (%) Volumetric percent
density (%)		 Dense volume (cm3) Non-dense volume (cm3)
%Diffa 95% CI %Diffa 95% CI %Diffa 95% CI
BMI at age 10 years (kg/m2) c 357 (97.3%) −2.3 −4.0,−0.5 1.4 −1.6, 4.4 3.4 0.2, 6.7
BMI change from age 10 to
age at mammogram (kg/m2) d
 BMI gain: 0.1-5 19 (5.2%) Ref Ref Ref
 BMI gain: 5.1 - 10 99 (27.0%) −24.4 −39.2,−6.0 −17.5 −46.2,26.3 17.0 −22.6,76.7
 BMI gain: 10.1 - 15 102 (27.8%) −46.1 −56.7,−33.0 6.2 −30.7,62.9 124.4 48.4,239.5
 BMI gain: > 15 136 (37.1%) −56.5 −65.0,−46.0 10.7 −27.4,68.7 174.6 82.6,313.1
BMI change from age 18 to
age at mammogram (kg/m2) d
 BMI loss 18 (4.9%) 6.4 −16.3,35.2 −8.9 −41.6,41.9 −16.4 −46.1,29.8
 BMI gain: 0.1-5 81 (22.1%) Ref Ref Ref
 BMI gain: 5.1 - 10 108 (29.4%) −24.8 −34.3,−14.0 15.4 −10.1,48.1 64.2 28.3,110.3
 BMI gain: 10.1 - 15 96 (26.2%) −38.3 −46.2,−29.3 11.5 −13.5,43.7 89.3 47.2,143.5
 BMI gain: > 15 64 (17.4%) −46.2 −53.9,−37.2 53.3 15.2,104.1 179.8 110.7,271.5
BMI change from age 30 to
age at mammogram (kg/m2) d
 BMI loss 36 (9.8%) 23.4 3.6,47.1 26.0 −8.4,73.3 −12.5 −36.8,21.1
 BMI gain: 0.1-5 129 (35.2%) Ref Ref Ref
 BMI gain: 5.1 - 10 119 (32.4%) −23.0 −31.6,−13.3 11.0 −10.4,37.6 43.6 15.4,78.7
 BMI gain: 10.1 - 15 58 (15.8%) −32.5 −41.7,−21.8 25.2 −4.1,63.3 79.6 36.9,135.6
 BMI gain: > 15 25 (6.8%) −34.0 −46.4,−18.6 43.8 −1.6,109.9 118.5 48.4,221.7
a

Percentage difference (%Diff) represents one unit change in BMI associated with percent change in volumetric percent density, dense volume, and non-dense volume.

b

There were 357 women who had BMI at age 10, 10 women had missing information for BMI at age 10; there were 356 women who had BMI gain from age 10 to age at mammogram, we did not show data on 1 woman who had BMI loss from age 10 to age at mammogram; 10 women had missing information for BMI from age 10 to age at mammogram.

c

All models were adjusted for age at mammogram (continuous, years), family history of breast cancer (yes/no), age at menarche (continuous, years), parity and age at first birth (categorical), race (Non-Hispanic white/African American/Others), current alcohol consumption (yes/no) and menopausal hormone therapy use (yes/no).

d

All models were adjusted for age at mammogram (continuous, years), family history of breast cancer (yes/no), age at menarche (continuous, years), parity and age at first birth (categorical), race (Non-Hispanic white/African American/Others), current alcohol consumption (yes/no), menopausal hormone therapy use (yes/no), and BMI at age 10 (continuous, kg/m2).