Table 4:
NEC in cohort studies including at least 1000 preterm infants
| Cohort | Probiotic (NEC/total) | No Probiotic (NEC/total) | RR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Guthmann (65) | 8/591 | 33/633 | 0.26 (0.12, 0.56) |
| Hartel (66) | 116/3789 | 76/1562 | 0.63 (0.47, 0.84) |
| Bonsante (67) | 4/347 | 41/783 | 0.22 (0.080, 0.61) |
| Hoyosa (68) | 34/1237 | 85/1282 | 0.41 (0.28, 0.61) |
| Luoto (69) | 19/418 | 61/1900 | 1.4 (0.86, 2.3) |
| Denkel (70) | 100/5818 | 174/5072 | 0.50 (0.39, 0.64) |
| Patole (71) | 12/920 | 25/835 | 0.44 (0.22, 0.86) |
| Samuels (72) | 34/673 | 101/1288 | 0.64 (0.44, 0.94) |
| Sharpe (73) | 7/457 | 37/1334 | 0.55 (0.25, 1.2) |
| Singhb (74) | 50/652 | 190/2436 | 0.98 (0.73, 1.3) |
| Meyer (75) | 35/1973 | 70/2556 | 0.62 (0.41, 0.94) |
a
included infants of all gestational ages
b
probiotics decreased NEC with multiple logistic regression models adjusted for gestational age, SNAPII scores > 20, outborn status, and any breast milk intake (aOR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41, 0.996).