Table 1.

Overview of visual impairment rates and socioeconomic indicators

Urban/rural	Sample size*	Indicator	Mean	SD	P value of the difference between urban and rural
Urban	25	Visual impairment rate (%)	0.49	0.07	<0.01
		Gini coefficient of property	0.55	0.06	0.15
		Logarithms of the average property	11.40	0.68	<0.01
		Gini coefficient of education	0.20	0.06	<0.01
		Average educational duration (years)	10.21	1.42	<0.01
		Educational returns†	0.40	0.23	<0.01
Rural	23	Visual impairment rate (%)	0.34	0.10
		Gini coefficient of property	0.52	0.08
		Logarithms of the average property	10.39	0.45
		Gini coefficient of education	0.28	0.09
		Average educational duration (years)	7.27	1.21
		Educational returns†	0.19	0.25

*CFPS covers 25 provinces (or municipalities or autonomous regions) in China. In 23 provinces, the investigation was conducted in the urban areas and rural areas, respectively. However, in Beijing and Shanghai, the investigation was conducted only in the urban areas. Therefore, in the sum, 25 urban areas and 23 rural areas were included.

†Educational returns were calculated through the Mincerian model.

CFPS, China Family Panel Study.