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. 2021 Jun 16;7(6):e28269. doi: 10.2196/28269

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©Whitney S Brakefield, Nariman Ammar, Olufunto A Olusanya, Arash Shaban-Nejad. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org), 16.06.2021.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://publichealth.jmir.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

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Causal structure among COVID-19 testing and Social Determinants of Health within the Urban Population Health Observatory framework.