Fig. 4. The cellular building blocks of a stem-cell-based uterus.

Appropriate cellular models of the epithelial compartment of the uterus (1) can be established as organoids and progenitor cell cultures, which can be derived from primary patient cells. The stromal compartment (2) can be founded by induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) or embryonal stem cells (ESC) cultures, or mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from primary cell culture. The vasculature compartment (3) can be derived from iPSCs, ESCs or directly from primary cells, and immune cells of the endometrium build the immune compartment (4).