Fig. 1.

A network of reciprocal interaction of some hormones in transition from dormant to germinated seed. Transition from dormancy to germination of seed are two separate but continuous phases. Freshly matured seeds are dormant and include a high level of ABA, auxin, and SL, and a low level of GA and CK. After seed dormancy is broken, non-dormant tubers begin germination (right side of the figure). Different hormones influence this process by controlling the ABA/GA and auxin/GA balance at the signaling levels. Transcription factors ARFs, ABI3, ABI4, and ABI5, as signaling negative regulators, play key role in this process. The initiation of sprouting in potato influenced GA and CK. ARF10/16 and ABI3/4/5 are involved in the interaction between ABA and auxin, having a potential role in tuber dormancy maintenance. Arrows and T-bars show positive and inhibitory effects, respectively