Figure 5.

Ketogenic diet. SARS-CoV-2 infects the lung and induces hyperinflammation with recall of monocytes, platelets, and neutrophils by macrophages polarized to the M1 phenotype. A ketogenic diet is able to reduce the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from glucose by limiting aerobic glycolysis, usually implicated in the production of lactate and pyruvate, and activation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, culminating in increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). Glucose concentration in the blood is reduced, thereby increasing the production of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and acetoacetate (ACA) from hepatocyte mitochondria.