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. 2021 Jun 4;12:636709. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.636709

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Copyright © 2021 Jansson, Faiola, Wingler, Zhu, Kravchenko, de Graaff, Ogden, Handakumbura, Werner and Beckles.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Rationale for designing an integrated plant-microbe-soil system with the dual goal of improving the soil carbon budget while maintaining crop yield, showing current crop (left panel) and desired crop ideotype (right panel). Larger root biomass confers increased sink strength that funnels more carbon to the soil, and deeper roots increase the likelihood for long-term soil carbon storage. Custom-made rhizosphere microbiomes are designed to further augment the demand for belowground carbon, thereby increasing the rhizosphere sink strength, while also providing PGP properties. To complement promotion of plant productivity from improved soil health, PGP microbes, and enhanced photosynthesis by increased sink demand, plants are also designed for increased source strength to further enhance photosynthesis and biomass accumulation.