FIGURE 2.

Root inoculation with L. fusiformis Cr33 ameliorated Cd stress in tomato plants. (A) Three-weeks-old tomato plants cultured in the split-root systems were inoculated with or without Cr33 for 3 d. Then, these plants were exposed to 0 or 100 μM Cd with or without Cr33 for 10 and 20 d, respectively. These plants were used to analyze shoot phenotypes (B), root growth after 20 d of culture (C), chlorophyll content (D), shoot (E) and root (F) fresh weight, H₂O₂ content (G), and MDA (H) and EL (I). Asterisks indicated significant differences between the control and inoculated plants (n = 8 biological replicates) using Student’s test (ns, not significant; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01).