TABLE 1.

Regulatory effects of sex hormones on NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

	Influence way	Effect target	Activate/Inhibit	References
Estrogen	ATP-P2X7R-NLRP3	P2X7R	Inhibit	Gorodeski (2004)
	ACE-angiotensin II-AT1-NLRP3	ACE	Inhibit	Brosnihan et al. (1999), Kisley et al. (1999), Wu et al. (2003)
		AT1
	ACE2-angiotensin (1–7)-NLRP3	ACE2	Inhibit	Bukowska et al. (2017)
	RANKL-JNK- NLRP3 phosphorylation	RANKL	Inhibit	Srivastava et al. (2001)
	PKD3-NLRP3 phosphorylation	PKD3	Inhibit	Borges et al. (2015)
	PP2A-NLRP3 dephosphorylation	PP2A	Inhibit	Ueda et al. (2013)
	HSP27-NLRP3	HSP27	Inhibit	Rayner et al. (2008), Rayner et al. (2009)
Progesterone	HMGB1-NLRP3	HMGB1	Inhibit	Espinosa-Garcia et al. (2020)
Testosterone	ROS-NLRP3	ROS	Activate	Chignalia et al. (2012)
	ATP-P2X7R-testosterone-NLRP3	Testosterone	Activate	Foresta et al. (1996), Antonio et al. (2009), Zhang et al. (2017)
	NLRP3	NLRP3	Activate	Ma et al. (2020)
	mROS-NLRP3	mROS	Activate	Alves et al. (2020)
Androgen	ACE2-angiotensin (1–7)-NLRP3	ACE2	Inhibit	La Vignera et al. (2020)