. 2021 Jan 2;20(1):49–58. doi: 10.1007/s40200-020-00700-3

Table 3.

outcome measures from baseline to end of treatment

variable	Characteristic	placebo	Placebo + mind	mind	Vitamin	Vitamin + Mind	P
QOL	pre pain ^A	21.07 ± 7.03	19.6 ± 5.9	20.4 ± 5.8	18.9 ± 7.1	19.9 ± 5.6	0.6
	post pain ^A	20.3 ± 5. 4	15.2 ± 5.4	16.3 ± 6.7	14.8 ± 5.8	10.3 ± 4.7	0.00*
	p value ^B	P > 0.05	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*
	pre feeling ^A	4.4 ± 1.7	5.2 ± 1.5	4.8 ± 1.3	4.6 ± 1.4	4.4 ± 1.5	0.1
	POST feeling ^A	4.2 ± 1.4	5.1 ± 1.49	5.17 ± 1.44	4.4 ± 1.3	5.1 ± 2.1	0.1
	P VALUE^B	P > 0.05	P > 0.05	P > 0.05	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
	pre sensory ^A	5.6 ± 1.9	6.02 ± 1.8	6.1 ± 2.2	6.02 ± 1.09	6.1 ± 2.08	0.86
	POST sensory ^A	5.8 ± 1.9	5.9 ± 2.3	6.6 ± 1.7	5.8 ± 2.06	6.8 ± 1.9	0.08
	P VALUE^B	P > 0.05	P > 0.05	P > 0.05	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
	PRE inter	32.49 ± 9.3	32.7 ± 10.8	33.5 ± 10.4	34.8 ± 11.1	31.9 ± 11.3	0.7
	POST inter	32.5 ± 10.2	26.1 ± 9.4	25.6 ± 7.9	25.6 ± 8.3	17.8 ± 6.5	0.00*
	P VALUE^B	P > 0.05	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*
	PRE ACTIVITY^A	24.7 ± 5.5	23.3 ± 6.7	23.8 ± 4.7	23.7 ± 6.1	22.8 ± 5.6	0.6
	POST ACTIVITY^A	24.2 ± 7.02	17.9 ± 5.5	19.4 ± 5.6	18.4 ± 4.5	13.02 ± 4.6	0.00*
	P VALUE^B	P > 0.05	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*
	PRE TOTLA^A	88.3 ± 12.5	87.05 ± 15.05	88.8 ± 12.4	88.5 ± 17.5	86.2 ± 15.2	0.9
	POST TOTAL^A	87.09 ± 14.9	69.6 ± 12.7	73.2 ± 11.2	69.3 ± 13.02	53.16 ± 11.5	0.00*
	P VALUE^B	P > 0.05	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*
Pain Severity	PRE TEST	47.02 ± 13.7	45.6 ± 13.5	50.8 ± 13.5	49.4 ± 14.7	46.02 ± 14.5	0.3
	POST TEST	45.6 ± 13.4	30.6 ± 14.6	33.7 ± 12.8	31.03 ± 14..8	21.02 ± 9.09	000*.
	P VALUE	P > 0.05	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*
Disability	PRE TEST	42.6 ± 14.2	42.5 ± 14.1	41.5 ± 13.5	38.08 ± 13.05	42.2 ± 13.2	0.7
	POST TEST	41.8 ± 12.5	31.6 ± 11.7	31.2 ± 12.3	29.7 ± 11.7	21.5 ± 9.4	0.00*
	P VALUE	P > 0.05	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*	P < 0.05*

a = one way anova, b = paired sample t-test, feeling: reduced feeling, sensory: diffuse sensory motor, inter: interpersonal and emotional burden, ACTIVITY: activity limitations, Inter: interpersonal emotional burden, ACTIVITY: activity limitations, MIND: mindfulness.