Table 2.
Association of various characteristics and seasonal pattern of STEMI (N = 142)
| Characteristics | Spring | Summer | Autumn | Winter | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age¶ (year) | 61.39 ± 10.65 | 64.05 ± 7.94 | 64.47 ± 11.63 | 62.42 ± 9.36 | 0.573* |
| Body mass index¶ (kg/m2) | 26.58 ± 3.01 | 25.67 ± 3.33 | 26.64 ± 3.75 | 26.75 ± 4.03 | 0.801* |
| Male | 27 (64.3) | 10 (71.4) | 24 (66.7) | 29 (58.0) | 0.754** |
| Prior myocardial infraction | 9 (21.4) | 4 (28.6) | 3 (8.3) | 13 (26.0) | 0.107*** |
| Prior angina | 13 (31.0) | 3 (21.4) | 6 (16.7) | 23 (46.0) | 0.027** |
| Prior congestive heart failure | 1 (2.4) | 1 (7.1) | 6 (16.7) | 0 (0) | 0.001*** |
| Prior stroke | 3 (7.1) | 5 (35.7) | 2 (5.6) | 3 (6.0) | 0.004** |
| Prior percutaneous coronary intervention | 6 (14.3) | 2 (14.3) | 3 (8.3) | 7 (14.0) | 0.844** |
| Prior coronary artery bypass grafting | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) | 4 (2.8) | 0.405** |
| Current smoker | 13 (31.0) | 7 (50.0) | 12 (33.3) | 13 (26.0) | 0.396** |
| Hypertension | 23 (54.8) | 6 (42.9) | 21 (58.3) | 33 (66.0) | 0.443** |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 22 (52.4) | 4 (28.6) | 15 (41.7) | 27 (54.0) | 0.176** |
| Aspirin user | 18 (42.9) | 7 (50.0) | 10 (27.8) | 20 (40.0) | 0.407** |
| Clopidogrel user | 3 (7.1) | 1 (7.1) | 2 (5.6) | 4 (8.0) | 0.979** |
| Angiotensin receptor blockers user | 10 (23.8) | 4 (28.6) | 8 (22.2) | 19 (38.0) | 0.344** |
| Beta -Blocker user | 12 (28.6) | 2 (14.3) | 9 (25.0) | 18 (36.0) | 0.399** |
| Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors user | 11(26.2) | 0 (0) | 4 (11.1) | 9 (18.0) | 0.097** |
| Statin user | 9 (21.4) | 4 (28.6) | 8 (22.2) | 19 (38.0) | 0.342** |
| Low-density lipoprotein¶ (mg/dl) | 108.42 ± 38.59 | 125.85 ± 49.55 | 95.13 ± 31.29 | 105.42 ± 31.18 | 0.052* |
| High-density lipoprotein¶(mg/dl) | 39.19 ± 7.97 | 39.99 ± 8.42 | 38.69 ± 8.45 | 46.23 ± 15.75 | 0.009* |
| Triglycerides¶ (mg/dl) | 206.83 ± 162.38 | 153.0 ± 135.29 | 124.0 ± 62.43 | 124.30 ± 60.72 | 0.290* |
| Total cholesterol¶ (mg/dl) | 172.19 ± 47.36 | 183.07 ± 58.13 | 161.86 ± 42.10 | 182.16 ± 43.0 | 0.197* |
| Creatine Kinase-Myocardial Band¶ (U/l) | 113.46 ± 104.93 | 137.30 ± 124.31 | 131.50 ± 118.63 | 136.82 ± 138.86 | 0.831* |
| Creatine Phosphokinase¶ (U/l) | 1118.92 ± 1081.35 | 2383.77 ± 1551.47 | 1440.02 ± 1215.22 | 1656.82 ± 1240.41 | 0.028* |
| Troponin¶ (ng/ml) | 8.22 ± 7.12 | 10.49 ± 7.31 | 6.59 ± 6.28 | 11.22 ± 15.66 | 0.259* |
| Creatinine¶ (mg/dl) | 1.11 ± 0.24 | 1.20 ± 0.15 | 1.11 ± 0.17 | 1.19 ± 0.18 | 0.606* |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate¶ (mm/hour) | 12.40 ± 9.93 | 8.42 ± 6.39 | 6.53 ± 6.93 | 9.42 ± 5.10 | 0.366* |
| Heart rate¶ bpm | 84.92 ± 24.37 | 82.50 ± 22.18 | 88.63 ± 20.27 | 85.16 ± 21.63 | 0.801* |
| Systolic blood pressure¶ (mm Hg) | 135.23 ± 23.47 | 132.85 ± 21.27 | 132.72 ± 29.80 | 129.60 ± 29.29 | 0.801* |
| Ejection Fraction¶ (%) | 37.50 ± 10.19 | 36.42 ± 12.46 | 32.50 ± 10.65 | 34.60 ± 11.72 | 0.241* |
Continuous variables expressed as mean ± SD, otherwise n (%)
* t-test; ** chi-square; *** Fisher exact test
P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant