Fig. S1.

Trends in testing by race-ethnicity, for all groups in the combined race-ethnicity categorization. Fig. S1 displays the temporal trends in testing and percent positive tests by race-ethnicity for all race-ethnicity groups in the data. The rate of testing is based on the day the specimen was collected, from March 1 to June 1, 2020. Fig. S1A shows the overall number of COVID-19 tests performed for each of the major race-ethnicity groups in North Carolina and for observations with missing race-ethnicity information. Fig. S1B shows the percentage of positive COVID-19 tests, by race-ethnicity group. Fig. S1C shows the rate of testing per 10,000 population for each race-ethnicity group, and Fig. S1D shows the rate of positive tests per 10,000 population for each race-ethnicity group. These time series graphs extend Fig. 1 to contain information about three additional groups: NL American Indians (green lines), NL Asians (purple lines), and people with missing race and ethnicity data (orange lines). The numbers of tests among NL American Indians and NL Asians was limited until mid-April and then increased over time in absolute numbers (Fig. S1A) as well as per capita (Fig. S1C). We observe a high level of temporal variation in test positivity rate among both NL American Indians and NL Asians, but the test positivity rate remained above the percent positive rate among NL Whites (gray line) from mid-April and through May (Fig. S1B) for both groups, with the per capita number of cases within these groups also remaining higher than the per-capita number of cases among NL Whites (Fig. S1D). Additionally, at no point during the study period did the percent positivity rate in either of these race-ethnicity groups reach the policy goal of 5% (Fig. S1B). Fig. S1C and Fig. S1D do not contain information for the group that was missing race-ethnicity data because there was no comparable census group to provide a denominator when calculating per-capita rates of testing and positive tests.