Figure 1.

Molecular and pharmacokinetics characteristics of the principal SGLT2 inhibitors. Phlorizin was the first SGLT2 inhibitor discovered. Later, several gliflozins have been developed, keeping the active center of phlorizin and implementing structural changes in order to achieve a better bioavailability, selectivity for SGLT2 and decrease their side effects. Only four molecules have received Food and Drug Administration approval for the treatment of type 2 diabetes namely dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, canagliflozin, and ertugliflozin.