Table 2.
Description of the study participants categorized by AMH.
| Control (n = 87) | Hyper-AMH PCOS (n = 58) | Normal-AMH PCOS (n = 98) | Pa-value | Pb-value | Pc-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 31.11 ± 3.27 | 30.10 ± 2.32 | 30.45 ± 3.48 | 0.091 | 0.451 | 0.841 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.21 ± 3.75 | 24.29 ± 3.94 | 25.65 ± 3.62 | 0.276 | 0.001 | 0.087 |
| BFP (%) | 30.31 ± 5.51 | 32.27 ± 5.51 | 35.24 ± 5.44 | 0.108 | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.86 (0.84–0.92) | 0.89 (0.85–0.93) | 0.92 (0.88–0.96) | 0.414 | 0.001 | 0.028 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 19.17 ± 7.00 | 20.39 ± 7.32 | 24.28 ± 7.55 | 0.986 | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Visceral fat (kg) | 9.40 (7.80–11.10) | 10.00 (8.88–11.70) | 11.25 (9.50–14.00) | 0.374 | 0.001 | 0.024 |
| AMH (ng/mL) | 3.86 ± 2.54 | 13.77 ± 4.00 | 5.76 ± 2.09 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Total T (ng/mL) | 0.46 ± 0.19 | 0.76 ± 0.24 | 0.59 ± 0.23 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Free T (nM) | 0.02 (0.02–0.03) | 0.04 (0.03–0.05) | 0.03 (0.02–0.04) | 0.001 | 0.003 | 1.117 |
| DHEAS (nM) | 2485.70 (1849.69–3375.52) | 4554.60 (3420.58–6248.12) | 3983.23 (2768.74–5681.84) | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.326 |
| SHBG (nM) | 41.60 (27.70–58.40) | 28.40 (15.83–39.25) | 22.40 (14.70–34.83) | 0.001 | 0.001 | 1.000 |
| Estradiol (pg/mL) | 45.00 (36.00–68.00) | 55.00 (42.75–78.75) | 52.50 (34.00–78.25) | 1.000 | 0.194 | 0.804 |
| Progesterone (ng/mL) | 0.58 (0.39–0.89) | 0.65 (0.45–0.85) | 0.66 (0.43–1.05) | 1.000 | 0.710 | 0.165 |
| LH (mIU/mL) | 4.24 (2.92–6.10) | 12.24 (9.50–17.20) | 9.39 (5.14–14.11) | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Prolactin (ng/mL) | 13.44 (10.26–17.47) | 8.88 (6.89–12.73) | 12.22 (8.73–15.74) | 0.166 | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| FSH (mIU/mL) | 7.26 (6.10–8.75) | 6.85 (5.98–8.08) | 6.70 (4.96–8.13) | 0.242 | 0.310 | 0.447 |
| TSH (μIU/mL) | 2.12 ± 1.07 | 2.07 ± 1.28 | 2.71 ± 1.75 | 1.000 | 0.599 | 0.659 |
| Total cholesterol (mM) | 4.50 (4.09–5.03) | 4.72 (4.09–5.42) | 4.71 (4.17–5.47) | 0.802 | 0.240 | 1.000 |
| HDL (mM) | 1.36 (1.12–1.57) | 1.27 (1.08–1.51) | 1.11 (0.93–1.36) | 0.734 | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| LDL (mM) | 2.73 (2.37–3.10) | 2.99 (2.41–3.50) | 2.92 (2.44–3.57) | 0.706 | 0.105 | 1.000 |
| Triglycerides (mM) | 0.98 (0.66–1.38) | 1.30 (0.86–1.69) | 1.48 (0.96–2.14) | 0.109 | 0.001 | 0.321 |
| FPG (mM) | 5.18 (4.93–5.61) | 5.26 (5.05–5.58) | 5.19 (4.98–5.68) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| FSI (mIU/L) | 9.70 (6.70–14.60) | 9.20 (6.90–14.33) | 14.65 (10.50–21.63) | 1.000 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
BMI, body mass index; BFP, body fat percentage; AMH, anti-Müllerian hormone; Total T, total testosterone; Free T, free testosterone; DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; LH, luteinizing hormone; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; FSI, fasting serum insulin. Mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) are shown. Pa, comparing the control group and hyper-AMH PCOS group. Pb, comparing the control group and normal-AMH PCOS group. Pc, comparing the hyper-AMH group and normal-AMH PCOS group. P-values were adjusted for multiple testing using the Bonferroni method and shown after post-hoc test.