Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics by weight change groups.
| All (1,515) | Weight loss (n = 293) | Weight stability (n = 981) | Weight gain (n = 241) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight change, mean (SD), (kg) | −0.5 (6.43) | −9.1 (5.8) | −0.2 (2.6) | 8.6 (4.4) | <0.001 |
| Demographic | |||||
| Age, median (IQR), year | 72 (64–79) | 73 (63–79) | 73 (65–80) | 68 (62–76) | <0.001 |
| Women, n (%) | 749 (49.4) | 162 (55.3) | 471 (48.0) | 116 (48.1) | 0.083 |
| Race, n (%) | 0.186 | ||||
| White | 1,199 (79.1) | 223 (76.1) | 790 (80.5) | 186 (77.2) | |
| Black | 247 (16.3) | 56 (19.1) | 144 (14.7) | 47 (19.5) | |
| Clinical | |||||
| Randomization to spironolactone, n (%) | 771 (50.9) | 151 (51.5) | 502 (51.2) | 118 (49.0) | 0.803 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 89 (5.9) | 25 (8.5) | 48 (4.9) | 16 (6.6) | 0.040 |
| Medical history, n (%) | |||||
| Previous hospitalization for CHF | 873(57.6) | 166 (56.7) | 538 (54.8) | 169 (70.1) | <0.001 |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 323 (21.3) | 59 (20.1) | 217 (22.1) | 47 (19.5) | 0.587 |
| Stroke | 141 (9.3) | 36 (12.3) | 91 (9.3) | 14 (5.8) | 0.036 |
| COPD | 239 (15.8) | 58 (19.8) | 139 (14.2) | 42 (17.4) | 0.048 |
| Hypertension | 1,360 (89.8) | 250 (85.3) | 891 (90.8) | 219 (90.9) | 0.030 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 182 (12.0) | 36 (12.3) | 123 (12.5) | 23 (9.5) | 0.433 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 657 (43.4) | 121 (41.3) | 437 (44.5) | 99 (41.1) | 0.470 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 667 (44.0) | 120 (41.0) | 420 (42.8) | 127 (52.7) | 0.011 |
| Physical examination | |||||
| NYHA class III/IV, n (%) | 515 (34.0) | 117(39.9) | 316 (32.2) | 82 (34.0) | 0.051 |
| Presence of edema, n (%) | 1,077 (71.1) | 213 (72.7) | 707 (72.1) | 157 (65.1) | 0.232 |
| Heart rate, median (IQR), (bpm) | 68 (60–76) | 68 (62–76) | 68 (60–75) | 68 (61–76) | 0.532 |
| SBP, median (IQR), (mmHg) | 129 (118–138) | 126 (116–138) | 130 (118–138) | 128 (118–138) | 0.122 |
| Body mass index, median (IQR), (kg/m2) | 32.8 (28.1–38.4) | 33.1 (27.9–39.4) | 32.7 (28.2–37.9) | 32.9 (28.0–39.1) | 0.525 |
| Laboratory and imaging testing, median (IQR), % | |||||
| Ejection fraction | 59 (53–65) | 57 (53–60) | 60 (53–65) | 59 (51–65) | 0.094 |
| eGFR | 61.6 (49.6–76.5) | 63.0 (51.1–78.1) | 60.8 (48.9–75.1) | 63.5 (49.8–79.4) | 0.119 |
| Medication | |||||
| Diuretics | 1,343 (88.6) | 255 (87.0) | 876 (89.3) | 212 (88.0) | 0.550 |
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CHF, chronic heart failure; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SBP, systolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.