Table 3.
Propensity score-matched analysis of adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for positive SARS-CoV-2 test, severe COVID-19 outcomes, or COVID-19-related death in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases, inflammatory arthritis, or connective tissue disease
|
Matched cohort A |
Matched cohort B |
Matched cohort C |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease (n=23 683) | Autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease (n=8222) | p value | No inflammatory arthritis (n=20 834) | Inflammatory arthritis (n=7099) | p value | No connective tissue disease (n=5541) | Connective tissue disease (n=1896) | p value | ||
| SARS-CoV-2-positive PCR test | 891 (3·8%) | 365 (4·4%) | .. | 796 (3·8%) | 327 (4·6%) | .. | 188 (3·4%) | 84 (4·4%) | .. | |
| Minimally adjusted odds ratio* (95% CI) | 1 (ref) | 1·18 (1·05–1·35) | 0·0098 | 1 (ref) | 1·19 (1·03–1·38) | 0·020 | 1 (ref) | 1·32 (1·02–1·72) | 0·037 | |
| Fully adjusted odds ratio† (95% CI) | 1 (ref) | 1·19 (1·03–1·40) | 0·026 | 1 (ref) | 1·20 (1·03–1·40) | 0·020 | 1 (ref) | 1·33 (1·02–1·74) | 0·036 | |
| Severe COVID-19 | 285 (1·2%) | 127 (1·5%) | .. | 234 (1·1%) | 103 (1·5%) | .. | 51 (0·9%) | 30 (1·6%) | .. | |
| Minimally adjusted odds ratio* (95% CI) | 1 (ref) | 1·28 (1·04–1·60) | 0·024 | 1 (ref) | 1·28 (1·02–1·62) | 0·036 | 1 (ref) | 1·73 (1·09–2·73) | 0·019 | |
| Fully adjusted odds ratio† (95% CI) | 1 (ref) | 1·26 (1·02–1·59) | 0·041 | 1 (ref) | 1·27 (1·01–1·63) | 0·049 | 1 (ref) | 1·71 (1·06–2·71) | 0·025 | |
| COVID-19-related death | 40 (0·2%) | 24 (0·3%) | .. | 32 (0·2%) | 20 (0·3%) | .. | 11 (0·2%) | 7 (0·4%) | .. | |
| Minimally adjusted odds ratio* (95% CI) | 1 (ref) | 1·74 (1·04–2·88) | 0·033 | 1 (ref) | 1·84 (1·06–3·22) | 0·031 | 1 (ref) | 1·85 (0·72–4·82) | 0·21 | |
| Fully adjusted odds ratio† (95% CI) | 1 (ref) | 1·69 (1·01–2·84) | 0·046 | 1 (ref) | 1·81 (1·02–3·18) | 0·040 | 1 (ref) | 1·87 (0·71–4·85) | 0·20 | |
Data are n (%) unless otherwise indicate.
*
Minimally adjusted for age and sex.
†
Fully adjusted for age; sex; region of residence; resident of a skilled nursing facility; history of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease; household income; smoking status; alcohol consumption; body-mass index; sufficient aerobic activity; and current use of aspirin, metformin, and statins.