Table 3.
Comparison of proprioception between the two groups over time.
| Groups | Items | Left side | Right side | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE (%) | CT (s) | ATE (%) | CT (s) | ||
| BG | Before intervention | 34.63 ± 13.20 | 85.94 ± 12.29 | 36.25 ± 11.58 | 85.88 ± 15.52 |
| After intervention | 29.75 ± 8.07△ | 80.88 ± 8.28 | 28.19 ± 7.96△ | 85.88 ± 11.02 | |
| Mean changes | −4.88 ± 13.62 | −5.06 ± 9.72 | −8.06 ± 9.04 | 0.00 ± 16.45 | |
| CG | Before intervention | 34.06 ± 10.97 | 90.38 ± 17.88 | 34.19 ± 14.03 | 87.56 ± 19.52 |
| Afterintervention | 27.06 ± 6.64△ | 88.19 ± 16.98 | 23.88 ± 9.39△ | 89.63 ± 12.93 | |
| Mean changes | −7.00 ± 7.98 | −2.19 ± 9.68 | −10.31 ± 11.27 | 2.06 ± 15.43 | |
| Time effect | 0.021 | 0.318 | 0.01 | 0.785 | |
| Group◊Time effect | F | 0.179 | 0.160 | 0.168 | 0.075 |
| P | 0.674 | 0.691 | 0.684 | 0.785 | |
| η 2 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.001 | |
BG: backward walking group; CG: control group; ATE: average trajectory error; CT: completion time; △intragroup difference before intervention, P < 0.05; ∗intergroup difference after intervention, P < 0.05.