Table 1.
Characteristics of the recruited subjects.
| Total | Male | Female | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 12,290 | n = 7925 | n = 4365 | ||
| Age (years) | 48 ± 10 | 48 ± 10 | 48 ± 10 | < 0.001 |
| Body mass index | 23.2 ± 3.4 | 24.0 ± 3.1 | 21.7 ± 3.3 | < 0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 83.4 ± 9.2 | 85.9 ± 8.3 | 79.9 ± 9.1 | < 0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 117 ± 16 | 120 ± 16 | 111 ± 16 | < 0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74 ± 11 | 77 ± 11 | 70 ± 10 | < 0.001 |
| Smoking habit | 4231 (34.4) | 3431 (43.3) | 800 (18.3) | < 0.001 |
| Alcohol drinking habit | 5634 (45.8) | 4492 (56.7) | 1142 (26.1) | < 0.001 |
| Family history | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 2115 (17.2) | 1220 (15.4) | 895 (20.5) | < 0.001 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension | 2068 (16.8) | 1582 (20.0) | 486 (11.1) | < 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 2720 (22.1) | 1674 (21.1) | 1046 (24.0) | < 0.001 |
| Biochemical data | ||||
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.4 ± 0.2 | 4.4 ± 0.2 | 4.3 ± 0.2 | < 0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 84.5 ± 14.6 | 83.3 ± 14.0 | 86.7 ± 15.4 | < 0.001 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.5 ± 1.4 | 6.1 ± 1.2 | 4.4 ± 0.9 | < 0.001 |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 90 ± 9.3 | 92 ± 9.3 | 86 ± 8.4 | < 0.001 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 5.2 ± 0.4 | 5.2 ± 0.4 | 5.2 ± 0.4 | < 0.001 |
| AST (U/L) | 23 (18–26) | 25 (19–28) | 20 (16–22) | < 0.001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 26 (15–31) | 31 (18–36) | 18 (12–20) | < 0.001 |
| γGTP (U/L) | 50 (19–56) | 63 (26–72) | 26 (14–26) | < 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 204 ± 34 | 205 ± 34 | 204 ± 34 | 0.05 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 122 ± 31 | 124 ± 31 | 119 ± 31 | < 0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 61 ± 16 | 56 ± 14 | 69 ± 15 | < 0.001 |
| Non-HDL cholesterol (mg/gL) | 144 ± 35 | 149 ± 35 | 135 ± 34 | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 113 (63–136) | 131 (77–158) | 78 (50–93) | < 0.001 |
| FLI | 30.1 (7.9–48.2) | 38.6 (16.5–58.2) | 14.5 (3.5–17.5) | < 0.001 |
Variables are expressed as number (%), means ± SD or medians (interquartile ranges).
AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, FLI fatty liver index, FPG fasting plasma glucose, γGTP γ-glutamyl transferase, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein.