TABLE 1.
Summary of phenotypes detected in zebrafish embryos exposed to 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% ethanol at 24 hpf, observations were made every 8 hr until the larval stage
Time (hpf) | Phenotype | Control (0%) | Eth 0.25% | Eth 0.5% | Eth 1% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
8 |
Bud stage Visible somites |
N Beginning |
– | – | – |
16 |
Spine shape Tail separating |
N N |
– | – | – |
24 |
Eye formation Head separating Visible notochord Body movement Tail free Hatching |
N N Low N – – |
N N Low N – – |
N N N N – – |
N N N N Y Premature |
32 |
Heartbeats Body movement Pigmentation Body reflexes Hatching |
Y N N N – |
Y N N N Y |
Y Low N Low Y |
Y Low N Low Y |
40 |
Body mobility Abnormality |
Low – |
Low – |
Low Yolk sac anomaly |
Low Curved posture/pericardial edema |
48 | Heart shape | N | N | Pericardial edema | Heart edema |
56 |
Tail shape Abnormality |
N – |
N – |
Bent – |
Bent – |
64 |
Pectoral fin Abnormality |
N – |
N – |
N – |
N Delayed pigmentation |
72 |
Swimming bladder Mandible Abnormality |
N N – |
N N – |
N N Head in the eggshell |
Minor enlargement N Head in the eggshell |
80 |
Eye movement Startle response |
N N |
N N |
N N |
N N |
88 |
Hatching Abnormality |
Total – |
Total – |
Minor delayed/pericardial edema |
Minor delayed – |
96 |
Balanced posture Thigmotaxis |
Mostly Mostly |
Mostly Minor delayed |
Mostly Minor delayed |
Mostly Minor delayed |
104 | Body shape | N | N | N | Bent |
112 |
Yolk sac Abnormality |
Mostly absorbed – |
Mostly absorbed – |
Minor delayed – |
Minor delayed Tail edema/heart edema |
120 |
Body shape Swimming |
N Y |
N Y |
N Y |
Bent Y |
N: normal, Y: yes, (–) any register.