Table 2.
Baseline summary statistics and balance test.
| Control (n = 220) | Treatment [T] (n = 733) | Price [T1] (n = 139) | Extension & price [T2] (n = 288) | Input loans, extension, & price [T3] (n = 306) | Differences in treatment status within groups |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [T-C] | [T1-C] | [T2-C] | [T3-C] | [T2-T1] | [T3-T1] | [T3-T2] | ||||||
| Rice area (ha) | 0.629 (0.751) |
0.855 (1.969) |
0.636 (0.770) |
1.050 (2.848) |
0.772 (1.157) |
0.227∗ (0.105) |
0.007 (0.086) |
0.421∗ (0.203) |
0.144 (0.117) |
0.414∗ (0.205) |
0.136 (0.120) |
−0.278 (0.219) |
| Yield (kg/ha) | 819.2 (1494) |
903.1 (1523) |
832.9 (1742) |
980.1 (1589) |
862.5 (1345) |
83.91 (172.4) |
13.72 (264.7) |
160.9 (240.8) |
43.32 (207.3) |
147.2 (306.1) |
29.60 (280.2) |
−117.6 (257.7) |
| Market participation (%) | 28.83 (38.16) |
41.12 (41.71) |
27.40 (37.62) |
45.08 (41.55) |
43.64 (42.47) |
12.30∗ (5.037) |
−1.432 (5.567) |
16.26∗ (7.394) |
14.82∗ (6.684) |
17.69∗ (7.838) |
16.25∗ (7.166) |
−1.440 (8.655) |
| Income per capita (US$) | 234.1 (321.5) |
218.7 (349.6) |
231.6 (478.5) |
224.4 (336.7) |
207.6 (287.9) |
−15.31 (32.99) |
−2.446 (80.50) |
−9.691 (44.97) |
−26.44 (39.09) |
−7.244 (87.31) |
−24.00 (84.38) |
−16.75 (51.52) |
| Household size | 8.836 (4.355) |
8.116 (3.756) |
7.712 (3.602) |
8.243 (3.755) |
8.180 (3.824) |
−0.720∗ (0.362) |
−1.124∗ (0.547) |
−0.593 (0.539) |
−0.657 (0.469) |
0.531 (0.685) |
0.468 (0.631) |
−0.063 (0.623) |
| Age of household head (years) | 40.56 (8.972) |
41.36 (10.59) |
41.76 (10.21) |
42.09 (10.67) |
40.50 (10.66) |
0.810 (0.858) |
1.201 (1.244) |
1.539 (1.174) |
−0.055 (1.111) |
0.338 (1.473) |
−1.255 (1.422) |
−1.594 (1.360) |
| Male headed household (=1) | 0.564 (0.497) |
0.561 (0.497) |
0.626 (0.486) |
0.497 (0.501) |
0.592 (0.492) |
−0.003 (0.056) |
0.062 (0.082) |
−0.067 (0.071) |
0.028 (0.064) |
−0.129 (0.088) |
−0.034 (0.081) |
0.095 (0.071) |
| Exp. Producing rice (years) | 8.195 (3.593) |
8.748 (5.532) |
7.748 (5.593) |
9.788 (5.922) |
8.222 (4.955) |
0.552 (0.544) |
−0.447 (1.106) |
1.593 (0.886) |
0.027 (0.656) |
2.040 (1.378) |
0.474 (1.241) |
−1.566 (1.049) |
| Primary education (=1) | 0.114 (0.318) |
0.098 (0.298) |
0.086 (0.282) |
0.118 (0.323) |
0.085 (0.279) |
−0.015 (0.021) |
−0.027 (0.032) |
0.004 (0.024) |
−0.029 (0.023) |
0.032 (0.031) |
−0.001 (0.030) |
−0.033 (0.021) |
| Farming is main activity (=1) | 0.918 (0.275) |
0.928 (0.259) |
0.950 (0.219) |
0.924 (0.266) |
0.922 (0.269) |
0.010 (0.024) |
0.031 (0.036) |
0.005 (0.029) |
0.003 (0.034) |
−0.026 (0.037) |
−0.028 (0.042) |
−0.002 (0.036) |
| Training in rice production (=1) | 0.527 (0.500) |
0.505 (0.500) |
0.194 (0.397) |
0.628 (0.484) |
0.529 (0.500) |
−0.022 (0.062) |
−0.333∗∗∗ (0.061) |
0.101 (0.084) |
0.002 (0.089) |
0.434∗∗∗ (0.090) |
0.335∗∗∗ (0.095) |
−0.099 (0.111) |
| Member of farm association (=1) | 0.968 (0.176) |
0.965 (0.185) |
0.906 (0.292) |
0.979 (0.143) |
0.977 (0.150) |
−0.004 (0.015) |
−0.062 (0.038) |
0.011 (0.018) |
0.009 (0.014) |
0.073 (0.039) |
0.071 (0.037) |
−0.002 (0.018) |
Note: The first five columns report means of the data at baseline with standard deviations in parentheses. The final seven columns report coefficients and standard errors from OLS regressions of the variables of interest or the covariates on treatment status within different groups. Standard errors clustered at the farmer-group-level are in parentheses (∗∗∗, ∗∗, ∗).