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. 2021 Jun 15;16:4117–4146. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S315368

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© 2021 Huang et al.

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Schematic diagram of the therapeutic mechanism of St-Mc-DDSs.

Notes: (A) Endogenous and exogenous St types of St-Mc-DDSs. (B) Smart St-Mc-DDSs are achieved by combining St- and Mc-targeting strategies. (C) Five St-Mc-DDS types classified according to the spatial location relationships of different types of St- or Mc-DDSs. (D) Two types of Mc-targeting modes according to the structure.

Abbreviation: Mc, mitochondria; Mc-DDSs, mitochondria-targeting drug delivery systems; St, stimuli-responsive; St-DDSs, stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems; St-Mc-DDSs, smart stimuli-responsive and mitochondria-targeting drug delivery systems.