The time-varying effective reproduction number normalized by inner region traffic frequency. (A) The 7-d average normalized in Dane County. The yellow, green, blue, and purple vertical lines indicate the date of reopening phase 1, reopening phase 2, rollback of phase 2, and face covering order, respectively. (B) The 7-d average normalized in Milwaukee County. The vertical lines indicate the starting date of state of Wisconsin Safer at Home Order, phase 2 reopening, phase 3 reopening, phase 4 reopening, and mask ordinance (from left to right).