TABLE II.
Results of Multivariate Cox Regression of Both Overall Survival and Disease-Specific Survival in Selected Cohort of Patients With Stage III or IV (M0) Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database With Surgery Plus Adjuvant Therapy Split Into Adjuvant Chemoradiation or Adjuvant Radiation Therapy.*
| Overall Survival | Disease-Specific Survival | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P Value | HR | 95% CI | P Value | |
| Age | 1.02 | 1.01–1.03 | <.001† | 1.02 | 1.01–1.03 | <.001† |
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 1 | |||||
| Male | 1.05 | 0.90–1.23 | .540 | 0.97 | 0.81–1.16 | .726 |
| Race | ||||||
| NHW | 1 | 1 | ||||
| NHB | 1.37 | 1.17–1.60 | <.001† | 1.35 | 1.13–1.61 | .001† |
| NHO | 0.92 | 0.72–1.18 | .516 | 1.00 | 0.76–1.33 | .987 |
| Hispanic, all races | 0.88 | 0.70–1.11 | .267 | 0.95 | 0.73–1.23 | .690 |
| Primary site | ||||||
| Pyriform sinus | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Postcricoid region | 1.33 | 0.92–1.92 | .126 | 1.63 | 1.11–2.39 | .012† |
| Aryepiglottic fold | 0.80 | 0.60–1.07 | .130 | 0.82 | 0.59–1.14 | .234 |
| Posterior wall | 1.16 | 0.92–1.46 | .221 | 1.22 | 0.93–1.58 | .150 |
| Overlapping lesion | 1.27 | 0.91–1.78 | .153 | 1.30 | 0.89–1.91 | .179 |
| Hypopharynx, NOS | 1.10 | 0.96–1.27 | .166 | 1.15 | 0.98–1.34 | .090 |
| Grade | ||||||
| Grade I | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Grade II | 0.83 | 0.61–1.09 | .177 | 0.72 | 0.53–0.98 | .039† |
| Grade III | 0.72 | 0.54–0.96 | .027† | 0.69 | 0.50–0.94 | .020† |
| Grade IV | 0.82 | 0.45–1.43 | .458 | 0.75 | 0.40–1.43 | .390 |
| Extracapsular spread | 1.22 | 0.97–1.45 | .085 | 1.34 | 1.08–1.67 | .008† |
| N stage | ||||||
| < N2b | 1 | 1 | ||||
| N2b+ | 1.18 | 1.09–1.39 | .001† | 1.36 | 1.18–1.56 | <.001† |
| Propensity score | 609 | 100–3689 | <.001† | 1634 | 207–12869 | <.001† |
| Treatment‡ | ||||||
| CRT | 1 | 1 | ||||
| S + RT | 0.82 | 0.65–1.03 | .084 | 0.74 | 0.56–0.97 | .032† |
| S + CRT | 0.71 | 0.60–0.85 | <.001† | 0.68 | 0.55–0.83 | <.001† |
Multivariable Cox regression models were built using a backward stepwise approach. The proportional hazards assumption and first-order interactions of all model components were tested.
Statistically significant.
Subjects were included in the CRT group if they had received primary radiation and chemotherapy. Subjects were included in the S + RT group if they received surgery with adjuvant radiation and the S + CRT group if they received surgery with adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy.
CI = confidence interval; CRT = chemoradiation; HR = hazard ratio; NHB = non-Hispanic black; NHO = non-Hispanic other; NHW = non-Hispanic white; NOS = not otherwise specified; S + CRT = surgery with adjuvant CRT; S + RT = surgery with adjuvant radiation therapy.