TABLE 1.
Descriptive and between-groups comparisons.
| Variables | Overall | No depression symptoms | Presence of depression symptoms | Statistical inference |
| (N: 1123) | (N: 782) | (N: 341) | ||
| Age, years | 67.68 ± 5.91 | 67.66 ± 5.95 | 67.73 ± 5.87 | t (1121) = −0.184; p = 0.854 |
| Gender | ||||
| Female, % | 91.00% | 90.50% | 91.20% | χ2(1, N = 1123) = 0.125; p = 0.409 |
| Male, % | 9.00% | 9.50% | 8.80% | |
| Education | ||||
| <6 years, % | 38.6% | 38.00% | 39.90% | χ2: (2, N = 1123) = 9.624; p = 0.008 |
| 6–12 years, % | 54.3% | 53.30% | 56.60% | |
| >12 years, % | 7.10% | 8.70% | 3.50% | |
| Anthropometry | ||||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.08 ± 4.00 | 26.92 ± 3.83 | 27.49 ± 4.37 | t (557.996) = -2.062; p = 0.040 |
| Overweight and Obesity, N (%) | 530 (47.20%) | 359 (46.60%) | 161 (48.60%) | χ2: (2, N = 1101) = 0.653; p = 0.721 |
| Health conditions | ||||
| Hypertension, % | 62.20% | 58.80% | 69.80% | χ2 (2, N = 1123) = 33.098; p < 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 44.90% | 42.80% | 49.60% | χ2 (2, N = 1123) = 4.383; p = 0.112 |
| Diabetes, % | 29.50% | 26.50% | 36.40% | χ2 (2, N = 1123) = 11.442; p = 0.003 |
| Cardiovascular disease, % | 9.80% | 8.30% | 13.20% | χ2 (2, N = 1123) = 8.892; p = 0.012 |
| Cancer,% | 4.40% | 3.50% | 6.50% | χ2 (2, N = 1123) = 12.870; p = 0.002 |
| COVID-19,% | 4.70% | 4.70% | 4.70% | χ2 (2, N = 1123) = 0.510; p = 0.775 |
| Chronic respiratory disease | 12.90% | 6.90% | 26.70% | χ2 (2, N = 1123) = 92.156; p < 0.001 |
| Polypharmacy, n | 2.40 ± 1.76 | 2.32 ± 1.76 | 2.60 ± 1.75 | t (651.755) = -2.445; p = 0.015 |
| Physical activity | ||||
| Daily walking, min/day | 11.74 ± 21.68 | 12.08 ± 20.31 | 11.21 ± 25.78 | t (1108) = 0,761; p = 0.447 |
| Moderate PA, min/day | 15.25 ± 26.13 | 16.96 ± 26.11 | 10.42 ± 22.73 | t (669.271) = 4.025; p = 0.000 |
| Vigorous PA, min/day | 3.48 ± 9.90 | 4.05 ± 10.61 | 2.48 ± 8.54 | t (721.410) = 2.497; p = 0.013 |
| MVPA, min/day | 18.70 ± 29.76 | 21.28 ± 31.02 | 12.78 ± 25.73 | t (767.657) = 4.761; p < 0.001 |
| Daily sitting time, min/day | 325.51 ± 144.40 | 321.65 ± 146.11 | 334.45 ± 140.17 | t (1115) = -1,360; p = 0.174 |
| Meeting PA Guidelines,% | 20.80% | 23.50% | 15.00% | χ2 (1, N = 1117) = 10.247; p = 0.001 |
| Changes in PA during confinement | ||||
| Reduced, % | 83.80% | 80.2% | 92.10% | χ2(2, N = 1123) = 25.786; p < 0.001 |
| Maintained, % | 12.90% | 16.10% | 5.60% | |
| Augmented, % | 3.30% | 3.70% | 2.30% | |
| Changes in daily sitting time | ||||
| Reduced, % | 4.20% | 4.60% | 3.20% | χ2 (2, N = 1123) = 22.734; p < 0.001 |
| Maintained, % | 21.90% | 25.60% | 13.50% | |
| Augmented, % | 73.90% | 69.80% | 83.30% | |
| Depression symptoms, score | 3.57 ± 2.83 | 2.03 ± 1.31 | 7.09 ± 2.817 | t (450.634) = −39.791; p < 0.001 |
PA, physical activity; MVPA: moderate to vigorous physical activity.