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. 2021 Jun 7;12:687095. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.687095

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Copyright © 2021 Yang, Wu, Zou, Wang, Xu, Huang, Yu, Zhang, Zhang and Sun.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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NAR promotes the initiation of autophagy in the autophagic flux of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and C2C12 myoblasts. LC3 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes (A,B) and C2C12 myoblasts (F,G) after treatment of NAR or in combination with CQ were detected by immunofluorescence (green), and pictured by confocal microscopy (the objective amplification 63×). The expression of p62 and LC3 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes (C–E) and C2C12 myoblasts (H–J) was detected by Western blotting. Bars represent 10 μM. All values were expressed as the mean ± SD from three or more independent experiments. ***p < 0.001; **p < 0.01; *p < 0.05 vs. untreated cells or as indicated. Abbreviation: NAR, naringenin; CQ, chloroquine.