Table 3:

Characteristics of initiators of antipsychotic medications by presence of antipsychotic indication during the period from a new depressive episode to 45 days following an antipsychotic medication initiation

	No alternative APM indication over follow-up N=131,176		At least 1 alternative APM indication over follow-up N=92,254		P(Chi-Square)
	N	%	N	%
DEMOGRAPHICa
Sex					<.0001
Male	40,172	30.6	30,000	32.5
Female	91,004	69.4	62,253	67.5
Age (mean, SD)	37.0	12.0	36.7	12.0
Age					<.0001
18-24	24,984	19.1	18,468	20.0
25-34	33,554	25.6	23,366	25.3
35-44	34,644	26.4	24,182	26.2
45-54	26,620	20.3	18,753	20.3
55-64	11,374	8.7	7,485	8.1
Race Ethnicity					<.0001
White, non-Hispanic	68,150	52.0	41,033	44.5
African American, non-Hispanic	32,433	24.7	30,382	32.9
Hispanic	17,024	13.0	12,428	13.5
other	13,569	10.3	8,411	9.1
Medicaid Eligibility					<.0001
Disability	63,308	48.3	51,466	55.8
Low income	42,209	32.2	25,311	27.4
Other	25,659	19.6	15,477	16.8
Managed care (not FFS)	44,239	33.7	28,867	31.3	<.0001
CLINICAL&UTILIZATIONb
Primary Depression dxc	105,462	80.4	77,240	83.7	<.0001
Major Depressive Disorderc	60,073	45.8	56,496	61.2	<.0001
Anxiety	13,063	10.0	7,782	8.4	<.0001
Substance use disorder	22,044	16.8	14,773	16.0	<.0001
Personality disorders	882	0.7	670	0.7	.1311
Self-harm	245	0.2	251	0.3	<.0001
Diabetes	9,913	7.6	7,103	7.7	.2116
Cardiovascular Disease	23,021	17.6	15,690	17.0	.0009
Cerebrovascular Disease	2,399	1.8	1,582	1.7	.0449
Psychotherapy	4,279	3.3	2,663	2.9	<.0001
MH ER visitd
No visit	124,453	94.9	86,355	93.6	<.0001
1 to 2 visits	6,198	4.7	5,459	5.9
3 or more visits	525	0.4	440	0.5
MH hospital admissionsd					.0003
No admission	128,255	97.8	90,088	97.7
1+ admissions	2,921	2.2	2,166	2.4
MH outpatient visitsd					<.0001
No visit	98,169	74.8	69,750	75.6
1 to 2 visits	17,498	13.3	13,045	14.1
3 or more visits	15,509	11.8	9,459	10.3

^aat index date;

^bduring 180 baseline period including index date;

^cwithin Index date and index date+30 days;

^dprimary diagnosis.

APM: antipsychotic medication; FFS: fee-for-service; MH: mental health; ER: emergency room