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. 2021 Jun 7;12:642166. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.642166

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Copyright © 2021 Torun, Hupalowska, Trzonkowski, Kierkus and Pyrzynska

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Risk factors for development of chronic inflammatory disorders. These types of diseases are thought to develop as result of complex interactions between the immune system, microbiome, and environment in genetically-susceptible hosts.