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. 2021 Jun 18;10(1):1227–1240. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1937329

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© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 1. — Schematic diagram of SARS-CoV-2 S protein and lipopeptide-based fusion inhibitors. (A) Functional domains of the S protein. SP, signal peptide; NTD, N-terminal domain; RBD, receptor-binidng domain; FP, fusion peptide; HR1, heptad repeat 1 region; HR2, heptad repeat 2 region; MPER, membrane-proximal external region; TM, transmembrane domain; CT, cytoplasmic tail. The S1/S2 and S2′ cleavage sites are marked with arrow. The HR1 and HR2 core sequences are listed, in which the potential residues mediating the HR1-HR2 interactions in a 6-HB structure are coloured in red. (B) SARS-CoV-2 HR2-MPER derived fusion inhibitor peptides and lipopeptides. The MPER amino acids are coloured in purple. Chol, cholesterol; C16, palmitic acid; C18, stearic acid; Toc, tocophenol; PEG, polyethylene glycol; GSGSG, a flexible amino acid linker.