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. 2021 Jun 14;49(11):6114–6127. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab499

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© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 3. — The position of a mismatch affects the rate of strand displacement from PNA–DNA heteroduplexes. (A) Schematic of the mismatched inputs used in this study. The identity of the mismatched nucleotide relative to the fully matched input (d-IN_TH8) is shown above the strand. (B, C) Fluorescence monitoring (Cy3) of the homochiral (B) and heterochiral (C) reaction pathways initiated with different mismatched inputs in (A). The identity of the mismatched input (IN_MMA–F) is indicated on the right y-axis. The reaction initiated with the fully-matched input (d-IN_TH8) is shown as a black dotted line. Reactions depicted here were carried out as described in Figure 2. (D) Kinetic discrimination factors (DF = k_match/k_mismatch) of hetero- and homo-chiral reactions towards inputs having different mismatches, where k_match and k_mismatch are the calculated rate constants for a fully-matched and mismatched input, respectively. Error bars represent standard deviation from three independent experiments.