Table 1:
Demographics of the ARDS cohort
| Variables |
Whole cohort (n = 333) |
Survivors (n = 264) |
Non-survivors (n = 69) |
p value |
| Age (years) | 5.8 [1.8, 13.1] | 5.4 [1.9, 13.1] | 7.2 [1.8, 13.3] | 0.744 |
| Female (%) | 149 (45) | 119 (45) | 30 (43) | 0.892 |
| Severity of illness PRISM III at 12 hours Non-pulmonary organ failures Vasopressor score |
11 [6, 17] 2 [1, 3] 8 [0, 18] |
10 [5, 16] 1 [1, 2] 7 [0, 15] |
16 [10, 23] 3 [2, 4] 20 [, 58] |
< 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 |
| Co-morbidities (%) Immunocompromised Stem cell transplant |
84 (25) 39 (12) |
46 (17) 15 (6) |
38 (55) 24 (35) |
< 0.001 < 0.001 |
| Cause of ARDS (%) Direct Indirect |
237 (71) 96 (29) |
201 (76) 63 (24) |
36 (52) 33 (48) |
< 0.001 |
| Cause of ARDS (%) Infectious Non-infectious |
245 (74) 88 (26) |
197 (75) 67 (25) |
48 (70) 21 (30) |
0.444 |
| Cause of ARDS (%) Infectious pneumonia Non-pulmonary sepsis Aspiration pneumonia Other |
162 (49) 83 (25) 50 (15) 38 (11) |
144 (55) 53 (20) 39 (15) 28 (11) |
18 (26) 30 (43) 11 (16) 10 (14) |
< 0.001 |
| ARDS onset PaO2/FIO2 OI ΔP (PIP minus PEEP) |
153 [99, 225] 11.1 [7.3, 19.3] 21 [17, 25] |
155 [105, 225] 11 [7.2, 17.4] 21 [17, 25] |
142 [77, 228] 11.8 [8.3, 29.1] 22 [18, 25] |
0.258 0.021 0.307 |
| 24 hours after onset PaO2/FIO2 OI ΔP (PIP minus PEEP) |
223 [155, 288] 7.4 [4.8, 12.9] 17 [14, 21] |
231 [165, 304] 6.7 [4.5, 11.5] 17 [13, 21] |
182 [118, 260] 11.4 [6.2, 21.6] 19 [16, 23] |
0.001 < 0.001 0.010 |
| Ancillary therapies in first 72 hours Inhaled nitric oxide Neuromuscular blockade Corticosteroids Alternative ventilator modes |
124 (37) 172 (52) 165 (50) 83 (25) |
88 (33) 131 (50) 123 (47) 60 (23) |
36 (52) 41 (59) 42 (61) 23 (33) |
0.005 0.176 0.042 0.085 |
| Nucleosomes (arbitrary units) | 0.14 [0.05, 0.34] | 0.10 [0.04, 0.25] | 0.40 [0.20, 0.71] | < 0.001 |
ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; OI: oxygenation index; PRISM III: Pediatric Risk of Mortality III; ΔP: driving pressure; PIP: peak inflating pressure; PEEP: positive end-expiratory pressure