Table 2.
Laboratory values and nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load of 321 patients with COVID-19 stratified according to disease severity.
| Total cohort (n = 321) | Mild disease (n = 56) | Moderate disease (n = 180) | Severe disease (n = 85) | p valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood counts, median (IQR) | |||||
| WBC × 103/µL | 6.5 (4.7–9.0) | 5.0 (4.0–7.0) | 6.5 (4.8–8.7) | 8.1 (5.3–11.7) | < 0.001 |
| Neutrophils × 103/µL | 4.7 (3.2–7.1) | 3.4 (2.4–4.7) | 4.6 (3.2–6.7) | 6.9 (4.0–9.9) | 0.64 |
| Lymphocytes × 103/µL | 1.1 (.8–1.6) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | 1.1 (.8–1.6) | .9 (.6–1.4) | < 0.001 |
| Platelets × 103/µL | 198 (163–257) | 202 (164–243) | 197 (165–253) | 200 (161–268) | 0.70 |
| Blood counts (categorized, %) | |||||
| WBC > 11 × 103/µL | 42 (13.1) | 1 (1.8) | 16 (8.9) | 25 (29.4) | < 0.001 |
| Neutrophils > 7.5 × 103/µL | 65 (20.2) | 0 (0) | 31 (17.2) | 34 (40.0) | < 0.001 |
| Lymphocytes < 1 × 103/µL | 125 (38.9) | 7 (12.5) | 68 (37.8) | 50 (58.8) | < 0.001 |
| Platelets < 130 × 103/µL | 26 (8.1) | 5 (8.9) | 11 (6.1) | 10 (11.8) | 0.28 |
| Biochemistry and inflammatory biomarkers, median (IQR) | |||||
| Creatinine mg/dL | .9 (.7–1.2) | .8 (.7–1.0) | .9 (.7–1.1) | 1.1 (.8–1.6) | 0.42 |
| AST U/L | 29 (22–49) | 24 (18–32) | 27 (21–46) | 39 (28–64) | 0.01 |
| LDH U/L | 309 (231–415) | 222 (185–280) | 293 (229–376) | 400 (319–502) | < 0.001 |
| CRP mg/La | 57.0 (20.8–136.6) | 16.0 (5.8–33.9) | 53.0 (20.0–113.8) | 142.5 (67.2–252.0) | < 0.001 |
| D-dimer ng/mLa | 770 (463–1608) | 515 (345–755) | 730 (428–1578) | 1145 (708–2453) | 0.07 |
| Biochemistry and inflammatory biomarkers (categorized, %) | |||||
| Creatinine > 1.3 mg/dL | 60 (18.7) | 4 (7.1) | 28 (15.6) | 28 (32.9) | < 0.001 |
| AST > 30 U/L | 124 (38.6) | 11 (19.6) | 62 (34.4) | 51 (60.0) | < 0.001 |
| LDH ≥ 300 U/L | 145 (45.2) | 4 (7.1) | 79 (43.9) | 62 (72.9) | < 0.001 |
| CRP ≥ 100 mg/La | 102 (31.8) | 1 (1.8) | 52 (28.9) | 49 (57.6) | < 0.001 |
| D-dimer ≥ 600 ng/mLa | 171 (53.3) | 13 (23.2) | 97 (53.9) | 61 (71.8) | < 0.001 |
| Nasopharyngeal viral load (log10 copies/mL, median [IQR]) | |||||
| Viral load (VL) | 7.35 (5.85–8.80) | 6.44 (4.70–8.32) | 7.10 (5.92–8.66) | 8.18 (6.31–8.90) | 0.88 |
| VL ≥ 6.33 (1st tertile, %) | 215 (67.0) | 29 (51.8) | 122 (67.8) | 64 (75.3) | 0.01 |
| VL ≥ 7.35 (50th percentile, %) | 163 (50.8) | 24 (42.9) | 84 (46.7) | 55 (64.7) | 0.01 |
| VL ≥ 8.27 (2nd tertile, %) | 107 (33.3) | 16 (28.6) | 52 (28.9) | 39 (45.9) | 0.02 |
aValues were available in 293 and 276 patients for CRP and D-dimer, respectively.
bAcross all three groups.