. 2021 Jun 21;11:12915. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-92319-4

Table 3.

Joint association of BMI change trajectories and BMI at baseline with risk of hypertension by sex.

BMI change trajectories	Male^b		Female^b
BMI change trajectories	HR (95% CI)^a	p value	HR (95% CI)^a	p value
Non-overweight
Loss	1.04 (0.78–1.37)	0.808	1.06 (0.83–1.34)	0.645
Stable	Ref.		Ref.
Moderate gain	1.22 (1.11–1.35)	< 0.001	1.33 (1.19–1.47)	< 0.001
Substantial gain	1.64 (1.43–1.88)	< 0.001	1.86 (1.58–2.19)	< 0.001
Overweight
Loss	0.68 (0.54–0.87)	0.002	0.83 (0.69–1.00)	0.052
Stable	Ref.		Ref.
Moderate gain	1.24 (1.04–1.49)	0.019	1.13 (0.94–1.35)	0.188
Substantial gain	1.52 (1.11–2.09)	0.010	1.61 (1.14–2.29)	0.007

^aHR hazard ration, CI confidence interval.

^bThe HRs were adjusted for age, survey wave, initial BMI, initial SBP/DBP, change of PA and dietary energy intake, change of smoking and drinking status.