Table 1.
Baseline demographics of HCM patients and healthy individuals.
| Baseline demographics | HCM patients (N = 203) | Control group (N = 101) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical data | |||
| Male (N, %) | 120, 59.1% | 59, 58.4% | 0.907 |
| Age (years)+ | 54.2 ± 14.9 | 53.2 ± 14.7 | 0.592 |
| BMI (kg/m2)+ | 24.8 ± 3.7 | 23.5 ± 2.5 | <0.001* |
| Heart rate (beats/min)# | 70 (18) | 67 (15) | 0.001* |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)# | 132 (27) | 117 (15) | <0.001* |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)# | 74 (14) | 71 (11) | 0.043 |
| Hypertension (N, %) | 126, 62.1% | 0, 0% | <0.001* |
| Hyperlipidemia (N, %) | 59, 29.1% | 0, 0% | <0.001* |
| Diabetes mellitus (N, %) | 24, 11.8% | 0, 0% | <0.001* |
| Atrial fibrillation (N, %) | 22, 10.8% | 0, 0% | <0.001* |
| SCD family history (N, %) | 13, 6.4% | 0, 0% | 0.009* |
| Unexplained syncope (N, %) | 28, 13.8% | 0, 0% | <0.001* |
| NSVT (N, %) | 11, 5.4% | 0, 0% | 0.017* |
| Mitral regurgitation | 157, 77.3% | 0, 0% | <0.001* |
| NYHA classification (I/II/III/IV) | 18/82/100/3 | 101/0/0/0 | <0.001* |
| Echocardiography | |||
| LOVT pressure gradient (mmHg)# | 32 (49) | – | – |
| Laboratory test | |||
| NT-pro BNP (pg/ml) | 1,216.4 (1,196.1) | – | – |
| CK-MB (ng/ml) | 3.5 (2.7) | – | – |
| Myoglobin (ng/ml) | 21.6 (11.5) | – | – |
| cTnI (ng/ml) | 0.03 (0.06) | – | – |
| Therapy | |||
| Septal myectomy (N, %) | 99, 48.8% | – | – |
| ICD (N, %) | 8, 3.9% | ||
| Drug therapy$ | |||
| β-Blocker (N, %) | 87, 42.9% | – | – |
| ACEi/ARB (N, %) | 92, 45.3% | – | – |
| Calcium antagonists (N, %) | 62, 30.5% | – | – |
| Diuretics (N, %) | 9, 0.4% | – | – |
HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; BMI, body mass index; SCD, sudden cardiac death; NSVT, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia; LVOT, left ventricular outflow tract; NYHA, New York Heart Association; NT-pro ICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; BNP, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; CK-MB, creatine kinase isomer-myoglobin; cTnI, cardiac troponin I; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker.
+
Expressed as mean ± standard deviation.
#
Expressed as median (interquartile range).
$
Postoperative drug therapy was not included.
*
With statistically significant difference.