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. 2021 Jun 21;11:12927. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-92371-0

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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General workflow of this paper; (A) brain images acquired using SR-PCI technique, (B) FE model of the brain angioarchitecture, (C) FE model of CCI illustrating the impactor, brain tissue (blue) and vasculature (white), (D) schematic illustration of controlled cortical impact, (E) maximum value of the first principal strain of the brain tissue (red and blue colours show 50% and 0, respectively), (F) maximum axial stress within the vasculature (red and blue colours show 500 and 0 kPa respectively), (G) fibrinogen extravasation measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, (H) mapping the displacement at the borders of a region of interest for the microscale modelling, (I) vessels axial stress distribution of the microscale model of a region of interest (red and blue colours show 500 and 0 kPa respectively).