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. 2021 Jun 21;12:3814. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-24120-w

Fig. 3. Evolution of the Li deficiency and disordered structure near the surface of NCM-300 cycles.

Fig. 3

a APT depth profile at the top surface, showing a significant Li deficiency up to ~15 nm (region enclosed by dotted square). b, c STEM-HAADF image (b) and intensity profile (c) at the top surface. The rock-salt-like phase evolves because of TM migration (inset: magnified image). Red arrows indicate TM migration from 3b to 3a sites. d APT depth profile starting at ~30 nm from the top surface, showing the gradual increase in the Li concentration along the depth. e, f STEM-HAADF image (e) and intensity profile (f) starting at ~30 nm from the surface (inset: magnified image). The red arrows show that 30 nm below the surface, TMs migrate to a lesser extent than they do near the top surface in (c). Error bars show the standard deviation of each dataset.