TABLE 2.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) animal experiments of AMPK.

Therapy	Dose (mg/kg/day)	Route	Time (day)	PH models	Sex	References
AMPK activator with beneficial effects on PH
Metformin	100–150	p.o.	21–28	MCT rat	M	Zhai et al., 2018; Yoshida et al., 2020
Metformin	100–150	i.p.	21–28	MCT rat	M	Agard et al., 2009; Li et al., 2016
Metformin	100	i.p.	30	MCT rat		Sun et al., 2019
Metformin	100	i.p.	21	Hypoxia rat		Liu et al., 2019
Metformin	100	p.o.	21	Su/Hx rat	F	Dean et al., 2016
Metformin	300	p.o.	31–28	Obese ZSF1 rat	M	Lai et al., 2016
Metformin	300	p.o.	98	SU5416/Obese ZSF1 rat	F	Wang et al., 2020
Metformin	150	i.p.	14	Su/Hx mouse	M	Zhang et al., 2018
Metformin	100	p.o.	21	Hypoxia mouse	M	Omura et al., 2016
AICAR	1?	i.p.	28	Hypoxia rat	M	Huang et al., 2014; Chen et al., 2016
AMPK antagonist with beneficial effects on PH
Compound C	20	i.p.	21	Hypoxia mouse	M	Ibe et al., 2013
AMPK activators without effects on PH
Metformin	100	p.o.	14	SuHx mouse	M	Goncharov et al., 2018
Metformin	300	p.o.	42	SuHx rat	M	Goncharov et al., 2018
AICAR	500	p.o.	42	SuHx rat	M	Goncharov et al., 2018

p.o., oral administration (per os); i.p., Intraperitoneal injection.