Table 1.
Main characteristics of the included studies.
| References | Country | Type of RCT | Population | Colchicine | Initiation of colchicine | Control | Time of follow-up | Arm | Sample size | Age (years) | Male (%) | Discontinuation (%) | CV mortality | Recurrent MI | Follow-up hs-CRP (mg/L) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Akodad et al. (18) | France | Open-label | STEMI patients with ≤ 12 h successfully treated with PCI | 1 mg QD for 30 days | Within first day of acute MI | Standard treatment | 30 days | Colchicine | 23 | 60.1 ± 13.1* | 82% | 13% | 0/23 (0%) | 0/23 (0%) | 29 ± 25.6* |
| Control | 22 | 59.7 ± 11.4* | 76% | NR | 0/21 (0%) | 1/21 (4.76%) | 21.9 ± 25.4* | ||||||||
| Deftereos et al. (19) | Greece | Double-blinded | STEMI patients with ≤ 12 h from the onset of chest pain | 2 mg loading dose, then 0.5 mg BID for 5 days | After coronary angiography | Placebo | 5 days | Colchicine | 77 | 58 (52–54)† | 70% | 26% | NR | NR | 42.9 (16.3–71.4)† |
| Control | 74 | 58 (51–68)† | 68% | 4% | NR | NR | 63.8 (34.7–103.4)† | ||||||||
| Hennessy et al. (20) | Australia | Double-blinded | Patients with type 1 MI within the prior 7 days | 0.5 mg BID for 30 days | Within 7 days of acute MI | Placebo | 30 days | Colchicine | 119 | 61 ± 13.6* | 75% | 2% | 0/119 (0%) | 0/119 (0%) | 1.6 (0.7–3.5)† |
| Control | 118 | 61 ± 12.5* | 79% | 4% | 0/118 (0%) | 2/118 (1.69%) | 2 (0.9–4)† | ||||||||
| Tardif et al. (21) | 12 Countries | Double-blinded | Patients with MI <30 days who had completed any planned PCI | 0.5 mg QD for 24 months | Within 30 days of MI (13.4 ± 10.2 days)* | Placebo | 22.6 months (median) | Colchicine | 2,366 | 60.6 ± 10.7* | 80% | 18.4% | 20/2,366 (0.84%) | 89/2,366 (3.76%) | 1.37 (0.75–2.13)‡ |
| Control | 2,379 | 60.5 ± 10.6* | 82% | 18.7% | 24/2,379 (1%) | 98/2,379 (4.11%) | 1.6 (0.9–2.65)‡ | ||||||||
| Wasyanto et al. (22) | Indonesia | Blinding unspecified | Patients with acute MI | 0.5 mg QD for 5 days | Not reported | Placebo | 5 days | Colchicine | 16 | 57.9* | 87% | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Control | 16 | 52.9* | 87% | NR | NR | NR | NR | ||||||||
| Tong et al. (23) | Australia | Double-blinded | Patients presenting with ACS (96.7% STEMI or NSTEMI) with evidence of CAD | 0.5 mg BID for the first month, followed by 0.5 mg BID for 11 months | After coronary angiography | Placebo | 400 days | Colchicine | 396 | 59.7 ± 10.2* | 81% | 15% | 3/396 (0.75%) | 7/396 (1.76%) | NR |
| Control | 399 | 60 ± 10.4* | 78% | 8% | 1/399 (0.25%) | 11/399 (2.75%) | NR |
RCT, randomized controlled trial; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; NSTEMI, non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; QD, once a day; BID, twice a day; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; CAD, coronary artery disease; CV, cardiovascular; GI, gastrointestinal; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; GI, gastrointestinal; NR, not reported.
*
Mean ± standard deviation.
†
Median (interquartile range).
‡
Geometric mean (interquartile range).