TABLE 1.

List of in vivo studies that examine the efficacy of rikkunshito on motor patterns.

Effect	Ingredient	Mechanism	Utilized animals	References
Improvement of delayed gastric emptying	Hesperidin, L-Arginine	NO mediated action	Rats	Kido et al. (2005)
Improvement of delayed gastric emptying		Antagonistic action of the 5-HT(3) R	Rats	Tominaga et al. (2011)
Potentiate phase III-like contractions	Atractylodin		Rats	Nahata et al. (2018)
Potentiate gastric adaptive relaxation			Guinea pigs	Hayakawa et al. (1999)
Suppress impairment of gastric accommodation		NO and 5-HT(2B)R mediated pathway	Guinea pigs	Miwa et al. (2016)

NO, nitric oxide; 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor, 5-HT(3) R; 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor, 5-HT(2B)R.