Table 1.

Summary of studies utilizing F-18 FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of arterial inflammation in HIV-infected patients

Authors, year of publication	Number of HIV-infected patients	Vessels where TBR was obtained	Summary of findings	Comments
Subramanian et al. 2012	27	Ascending aorta	Higher TBR in HIV-infected patients than non-infected patients. TBR in HIV-infected patients comparable to TBR in non-HIV infected patients with atherosclerosis
Yarasheski et al. 2012	9	Carotid arteries Aorta	TBR higher in HIV patients compared with non-HIV patients in the carotids but not in the aorta
Lo et al. 2015	40	Ascending aorta	No significant reduction in TBR was seen between HIV infected patients randomized to atorvastatin and HIV-infected patients treated with placebo	Technical difficulty hampered proper comparison of baseline scan and follow-up scan obtained after one year of treatment
Zanni et al. 2016	12	Ascending aorta	No significant change in TBR after 6 months of ART in treatment-naïve HIV-infected patients	Three of the study patients developed progression in coronary plaques as demonstrated on CCTA
Tawakol et al. 2017	45	Aorta	TBR was significantly higher in statin-naïve, HIV-infected patients on ART with undetectable viremia compared with matched (age, gender, and FRS) statin-naïve HIV-uninfected controls
Knudsen et al. 2015	26	Carotid, arteries, different regions of the aorta	No difference in TBR in all arterial beds between HIV infected and non-infected individuals.
Lawal et al. 2018	121	Ascending aorta	Higher aortic TBR in young individuals with HIV infections with otherwise low-risk for CVD compared with age and gender-matched HIV-uninfected controls