Table 1. Prevalence of Preventive Aspirin Use by Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes Status According to Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Among 7103 US Adults Aged 60 Years or Older, NHANES 2011-2018a.
| Characteristic | History of CVD (n = 1496)b | No history of CVD | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetes (n = 1378) | No diabetes (n = 4229) | |||||||||
| No ASA | ASA | P value | No ASA | ASA | P value | No ASA | ASA | P value | ||
| Age group, y | ||||||||||
| 60-69 | 37.0 (2.9) | 40.1 (2.1) | .047 | 56.6 (2.8) | 53.8 (2.4) | .61 | 62.1 (1.5) | 50.3 (2.2) | <.001 | |
| 70-79 | 31.6 (2.8) | 36.3 (1.7) | 30.6 (2.5) | 33.6 (2.6) | 25.7 (1.3) | 31.4 (1.5) | ||||
| ≥80 | 31.4 (2.3) | 23.6 (1.6) | 12.8 (1.3) | 12.6 (1.5) | 12.1 (0.8) | 18.3 (1.5) | ||||
| Mean (SD) age, y | 72.2 (0.4) | 71.6 (0.3) | .23 | 69.1 (0.4) | 69.5 (0.3) | .41 | 68.4 (0.2) | 70.2 (0.3) | <.001 | |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 47.8 (2.9) | 61.1 (2.5) | <.001 | 43.4 (2.9) | 54.0 (2.5) | .007 | 40.3 (1.3) | 40.7 (1.6) | .85 | |
| Female | 52.2 (2.9) | 38.9 (2.5) | <.001 | 56.6 (2.9) | 46.0 (2.5) | .007 | 59.7 (1.3) | 59.3 (1.6) | .85 | |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||
| White | 73.6 (2.4) | 78.3 (1.8) | .27 | 58.7 (3.4) | 64.7 (2.8) | .17 | 76.4 (1.6) | 82.7 (1.5) | <.001 | |
| Black | 9.5 (1.3) | 8.3 (1.0) | 14.7 (1.9) | 13.0 (1.8) | 8.3 (0.9) | 7.8 (0.9) | ||||
| Mexican American | 3.6 (0.9) | 2.9 (0.7) | 9.7 (2.1) | 7.1 (1.2) | 4.2 (0.6) | 2.6 (0.5) | ||||
| Asian | 2.8 (0.7) | 3.0 (0.4) | 8.2 (1.5) | 6.4 (1.0) | 5.3 (0.6) | 2.0 (0.3) | ||||
| Other | 10.5 (1.9) | 7.5 (1.3) | 8.6 (1.3) | 8.9 (1.5) | 5.8 (0.6) | 4.8 (0.7) | ||||
| Education level | ||||||||||
| <High school | 23.9 (2.1) | 19.5 (1.9) | .05 | 24.7 (2.3) | 18.7 (1.8) | .07 | 14.4 (1.1) | 12.6 (1.2) | .33 | |
| High school | 30.4 (3.0) | 25.5 (1.9) | 20.6 (2.2) | 27.0 (2.9) | 22.8 (1.3) | 24.3 (1.8) | ||||
| >High school | 45.6 (3.0) | 55.0 (2.2) | 54.7 (2.9) | 54.3 (2.6) | 62.7 (1.5) | 63.2 (2.1) | ||||
| Smoking | ||||||||||
| Current | 16.2 (2.4) | 14.0 (1.8) | .75 | 9.3 (2.0) | 8.2 (1.4) | .56 | 12.4 (0.9) | 8.7 (1.1) | .06 | |
| Former | 44.3 (3.5) | 44.7 (2.5) | 38.6 (2.8) | 42.8 (2.6) | 34.3 (1.5) | 37.3 (2.1) | ||||
| Never | 39.5 (3.0) | 41.3 (2.4) | 52.1 (2.4) | 49.0 (2.8) | 53.3 (1.4) | 54.1 (2.0) | ||||
| Metabolic status, mean (SD) | ||||||||||
| BMI | 30.2 (0.5) | 29.8 (0.3) | .54 | 31.4 (0.4) | 32.1 (0.4) | .25 | 28.2 (0.2) | 28.9 (0.3) | .04 | |
| Waist circumference, cm | 106.1 (1.3) | 106.4 (0.9) | .84 | 107.6 (0.8) | 110.2 (0.8) | .04 | 99.8 (0.5) | 102.1 (0.6) | .002 | |
| HbA1c, % | 6.31 (0.09) | 6.20 (0.05) | .28 | 7.06 (0.09) | 7.07 (0.08) | .95 | 5.62 (0.01) | 5.67 (0.01) | .01 | |
| Diabetes duration, y | NA | NA | NA | 12.5 (0.6) | 13.9 (0.6) | .16 | NA | NA | NA | |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||||
| Coronary heart disease | 63.8 (2.9) | 80.6 (1.8) | <.001 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Stroke | 52.6 (3.3) | 31.4 (2.2) | <.001 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Congestive heart failure | 24.6 (2.1) | 23.6 (1.7) | .72 | 5.7 (1.4) | 4.0 (0.9) | .30 | 1.5 (0.3) | 2.3 (0.4) | .11 | |
| Myocardial Infarction | 38.7 (2.7) | 48.1 (2.1) | .009 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Angina | 4.4 (1.1) | 3.8 (0.9) | .70 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Obesity | 45.3 (3.4) | 44.5 (2.8) | .85 | 51.1 (2.8) | 57.9 (2.8) | .11 | 32.7 (1.5) | 36.7 (1.8) | .06 | |
| Hypertension | 72.3 (2.8) | 77.3 (2.0) | .15 | 68.5 (3.6) | 76.3 (2.0) | .06 | 42.9 (1.6) | 61.4 (2.1) | <.001 | |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 76.9 (2.5) | 84.6 (1.5) | .008 | 72.9 (2.5) | 77.8 (2.4) | .19 | 53.4 (1.2) | 68.8 (1.6) | <.001 | |
| Family history of MI prior to age 50 | 23.9 (3.1) | 22.9 (1.9) | .78 | 12.8 (2.2) | 15.1 (2.1) | .45 | 11.4 (0.8) | 13.9 (1.4) | .10 | |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); CVD, cardiovascular disease; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; MI, myocardial infarction; NA, not available; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
a
Nationally representative estimates shown as % (linearized SE), unless indicated otherwise, percentages within columns are shown.
b
Includes adults both with or without diabetes. History of CVD includes myocardial infarction, stroke, angina, and coronary heart disease.