OVERALL (N = 1015) |
LOW (N = 517) |
HIGH (N = 498) |
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Accuracy (%) | RT (ms) | Accuracy (%) | RT (ms) | Accuracy (%) | RT (ms) | |||||||
M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | |
Flowers | ||||||||||||
1 | 0.75 | 0.43 | 1056.24 | 448.00 | 0.63 | 0.48 | 1190.82 | 484.78 | 0.88 | 0.32 | 956.00 | 389.91 |
2 | 0.88 | 0.32 | 714.93 | 329.95 | 0.80 | 0.40 | 742.00 | 371.51 | 0.97 | 0.17 | 691.90 | 288.33 |
3 | 0.86 | 0.35 | 888.29 | 342.05 | 0.75 | 0.43 | 956.73 | 391.99 | 0.97 | 0.18 | 832.80 | 283.97 |
4 | 0.88 | 0.32 | 748.45 | 345.03 | 0.79 | 0.41 | 782.00 | 403.03 | 0.98 | 0.14 | 720.47 | 285.30 |
5 | 0.86 | 0.35 | 893.35 | 349.92 | 0.76 | 0.43 | 942.11 | 400.34 | 0.95 | 0.21 | 853.11 | 296.49 |
6 | 0.89 | 0.31 | 771.59 | 367.70 | 0.80 | 0.40 | 820.89 | 425.01 | 0.98 | 0.15 | 729.41 | 304.57 |
7 | 0.91 | 0.29 | 781.03 | 371.24 | 0.83 | 0.38 | 826.27 | 437.84 | 0.99 | 0.12 | 741.59 | 296.31 |
8 | 0.86 | 0.35 | 919.80 | 344.96 | 0.76 | 0.43 | 965.00 | 392.23 | 0.97 | 0.18 | 882.87 | 296.22 |
9 | 0.89 | 0.31 | 794.13 | 358.13 | 0.82 | 0.39 | 841.84 | 421.82 | 0.98 | 0.15 | 752.71 | 285.84 |
10 | 0.85 | 0.36 | 923.40 | 365.80 | 0.74 | 0.44 | 979.73 | 420.04 | 0.96 | 0.20 | 878.61 | 309.33 |
11 | 0.87 | 0.34 | 835.09 | 356.89 | 0.77 | 0.42 | 884.07 | 391.77 | 0.97 | 0.16 | 794.91 | 320.35 |
12 | 0.88 | 0.32 | 857.40 | 396.02 | 0.79 | 0.41 | 907.30 | 458.97 | 0.98 | 0.13 | 816.26 | 330.22 |
Mixed | ||||||||||||
1 | 0.81 | 0.39 | 1252.57 | 489.01 | 0.67 | 0.47 | 1344.80 | 517.76 | 0.95 | 0.22 | 1185.11 | 455.73 |
2 | 0.90 | 0.31 | 942.45 | 327.66 | 0.81 | 0.39 | 952.35 | 358.00 | 0.99 | 0.12 | 934.02 | 299.52 |
3 | 0.80 | 0.40 | 1118.53 | 406.83 | 0.68 | 0.47 | 1085.66 | 447.94 | 0.93 | 0.26 | 1143.63 | 370.93 |
4 | 0.77 | 0.42 | 1266.15 | 430.22 | 0.64 | 0.48 | 1330.26 | 488.22 | 0.91 | 0.29 | 1219.24 | 375.95 |
5 | 0.78 | 0.41 | 1262.05 | 428.71 | 0.67 | 0.47 | 1278.85 | 478.79 | 0.90 | 0.30 | 1249.29 | 386.43 |
6 | 0.79 | 0.41 | 1174.98 | 437.73 | 0.66 | 0.47 | 1166.12 | 476.13 | 0.92 | 0.27 | 1181.51 | 407.55 |
7 | 0.87 | 0.33 | 963.35 | 330.66 | 0.77 | 0.42 | 965.03 | 354.37 | 0.98 | 0.13 | 961.99 | 310.54 |
8 | 0.63 | 0.48 | 1310.74 | 446.55 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 1257.86 | 529.35 | 0.76 | 0.43 | 1346.56 | 376.95 |
9 | 0.79 | 0.41 | 1197.07 | 366.56 | 0.65 | 0.48 | 1225.32 | 420.08 | 0.94 | 0.24 | 1177.05 | 322.29 |
10 | 0.80 | 0.40 | 1168.20 | 440.29 | 0.67 | 0.47 | 1181.24 | 514.73 | 0.93 | 0.26 | 1158.49 | 375.65 |
11 | 0.73 | 0.44 | 1190.41 | 424.58 | 0.61 | 0.49 | 1161.25 | 489.47 | 0.86 | 0.35 | 1211.91 | 368.67 |
12 | 0.68 | 0.46 | 1269.26 | 436.39 | 0.51 | 0.50 | 1270.27 | 515.14 | 0.87 | 0.34 | 1268.65 | 381.76 |
13 | 0.86 | 0.34 | 1051.63 | 390.10 | 0.75 | 0.43 | 1079.39 | 438.48 | 0.97 | 0.17 | 1029.56 | 345.71 |
14 | 0.74 | 0.44 | 1207.36 | 419.66 | 0.60 | 0.49 | 1237.82 | 486.71 | 0.89 | 0.32 | 1186.23 | 365.10 |
15 | 0.82 | 0.38 | 1159.83 | 422.98 | 0.71 | 0.46 | 1164.66 | 466.23 | 0.94 | 0.24 | 1156.07 | 386.53 |
16 | 0.89 | 0.32 | 1025.85 | 380.24 | 0.80 | 0.40 | 1060.89 | 433.06 | 0.98 | 0.14 | 996.64 | 327.44 |
17 | 0.75 | 0.43 | 1265.14 | 439.19 | 0.60 | 0.49 | 1324.96 | 472.77 | 0.91 | 0.28 | 1224.04 | 410.03 |
18 | 0.81 | 0.39 | 1123.75 | 400.23 | 0.68 | 0.47 | 1202.89 | 451.63 | 0.94 | 0.23 | 1064.18 | 345.42 |
19 | 0.85 | 0.36 | 1072.20 | 421.05 | 0.74 | 0.44 | 1108.82 | 463.00 | 0.97 | 0.17 | 1043.45 | 382.98 |
20 | 0.87 | 0.33 | 1009.82 | 355.17 | 0.77 | 0.42 | 1046.05 | 375.84 | 0.98 | 0.15 | 980.28 | 295.06 |
21 | 0.76 | 0.43 | 1220.38 | 408.83 | 0.63 | 0.48 | 1246.50 | 454.71 | 0.89 | 0.32 | 1201.18 | 370.90 |
22 | 0.86 | 0.34 | 1064.92 | 371.41 | 0.75 | 0.43 | 1102.68 | 420.68 | 0.98 | 0.13 | 1035.18 | 324.79 |
23 | 0.80 | 0.40 | 1197.69 | 380.34 | 0.68 | 0.47 | 1277.88 | 433.19 | 0.92 | 0.27 | 1136.33 | 321.55 |
24 | 0.77 | 0.42 | 1264.19 | 412.09 | 0.60 | 0.49 | 1324.19 | 450.53 | 0.95 | 0.23 | 1224.84 | 380.17 |
25 | 0.82 | 0.38 | 1174.10 | 416.92 | 0.70 | 0.46 | 1196.73 | 440.48 | 0.95 | 0.21 | 1157.04 | 397.89 |
26 | 0.85 | 0.35 | 1073.20 | 358.46 | 0.75 | 0.44 | 1087.20 | 377.76 | 0.96 | 0.19 | 1062.03 | 342.26 |
27 | 0.77 | 0.42 | 1238.64 | 410.94 | 0.63 | 0.48 | 1285.37 | 435.02 | 0.93 | 0.26 | 1206.27 | 390.61 |
28 | 0.79 | 0.41 | 1233.60 | 411.58 | 0.65 | 0.48 | 1317.55 | 464.10 | 0.94 | 0.24 | 1173.87 | 358.42 |
29 | 0.81 | 0.39 | 1151.20 | 375.47 | 0.67 | 0.47 | 1228.83 | 433.14 | 0.96 | 0.21 | 1094.82 | 316.00 |
30 | 0.83 | 0.38 | 1177.59 | 419.12 | 0.69 | 0.46 | 1192.01 | 449.85 | 0.97 | 0.17 | 1166.94 | 395.04 |
31 | 0.76 | 0.42 | 1209.14 | 409.20 | 0.61 | 0.49 | 1248.55 | 448.84 | 0.93 | 0.26 | 1182.44 | 378.18 |
32 | 0.81 | 0.39 | 1136.33 | 440.82 | 0.66 | 0.47 | 1191.93 | 488.02 | 0.96 | 0.19 | 1096.90 | 399.89 |
33 | 0.82 | 0.38 | 1145.99 | 418.93 | 0.68 | 0.47 | 1186.13 | 453.19 | 0.98 | 0.15 | 1117.53 | 390.81 |
Hearts | ||||||||||||
1 | 0.98 | 0.15 | 716.92 | 333.5 | 0.96 | 0.19 | 744.06 | 360.96 | 0.99 | 0.09 | 689.63 | 301.19 |
2 | 0.99 | 0.12 | 530.61 | 247.8 | 0.98 | 0.15 | 535.33 | 272.20 | 0.99 | 0.08 | 525.79 | 220.40 |
3 | 0.94 | 0.23 | 662.86 | 249.3 | 0.92 | 0.27 | 691.14 | 268.69 | 0.97 | 0.18 | 634.94 | 225.25 |
4 | 0.99 | 0.10 | 519.65 | 218.9 | 0.99 | 0.12 | 526.85 | 236.61 | 0.99 | 0.08 | 512.24 | 199.08 |
5 | 0.94 | 0.24 | 625.69 | 220 | 0.91 | 0.28 | 644.00 | 240.20 | 0.96 | 0.19 | 607.65 | 196.75 |
6 | 0.98 | 0.14 | 559.18 | 263.7 | 0.97 | 0.17 | 570.00 | 280.94 | 0.99 | 0.11 | 548.16 | 244.60 |
7 | 0.99 | 0.11 | 538.36 | 236.4 | 0.98 | 0.13 | 554.72 | 278.03 | 0.99 | 0.08 | 521.53 | 182.88 |
8 | 0.94 | 0.24 | 644.07 | 245.9 | 0.91 | 0.29 | 669.30 | 283.05 | 0.97 | 0.18 | 619.52 | 200.57 |
9 | 0.98 | 0.15 | 576.84 | 256.7 | 0.96 | 0.19 | 588.35 | 284.98 | 0.99 | 0.10 | 565.22 | 224.34 |
10 | 0.94 | 0.24 | 685.56 | 251.1 | 0.91 | 0.28 | 706.75 | 275.90 | 0.96 | 0.19 | 664.72 | 222.47 |
11 | 0.96 | 0.20 | 681.67 | 256.3 | 0.95 | 0.22 | 706.55 | 284.51 | 0.97 | 0.17 | 656.48 | 221.52 |
12 | 0.98 | 0.15 | 589.96 | 233.2 | 0.96 | 0.20 | 601.73 | 239.70 | 1.00 | 0.06 | 578.19 | 226.16 |
Note. Low and high groups refer to low- and high-performing children, respectively. A median split (median = 87%) based on test trial accuracy was used to distinguish the two groups.