Table 2.

Gene transfection in the treatment of IS with MSCs.

Transfected gene	Transfected vector	Cell type	Dose	Transplantation route	Administration time	Outcome (compared with normal MSCs)	Reference
BDNF	Adenovirus	hBM-MSCs	5 × 105	Intracerebral injection	24 hours after MCAO	Fewer apoptotic cells; smaller infarcted volume; improvement of neurological function	[45]
GDNF	Adenovirus	hBM-MSCs	1.0 × 107	Intravenous injection	3 hours after MCAO	Smaller infarcted volume; higher function recovery	[48]
HGF	Herpes sim-plex virus type-1	BM-MSCs	1.0 × 106	Intracerebral injection	2 or 24 hours after MCAO	Fewer apoptotic cells; smaller infarcted volume; higher function recovery	[208]
PIGF	Adenovirus	hBM-MSCs	1.0 × 107	Intravenous injection	3 hours after MCAO	More angiogenesis; smaller infarcted volume; higher function recovery	[60]
FGF1	pCMV6-entry vector	AD-MSCs	2.0 × 106	Intravenous injection	0.5 hour after MCAO	Fewer apoptotic cells; smaller infarcted volume; higher function recovery	[61]
Ang; VEGF; Ang+ VEGF	Adenovirus	hBM-MSCs	1.0 × 106	Intravenous injection	6 hours after MCAO	Ang/Ang+ VEGF: more angiogenesis; smaller infarcted volume; higher function recovery. VEGF: infarct size increased; function deteriorated	[56]
VEGF	Adenovirus	BM-MSCs	1.0 × 106	Intracerebral injection	24 hours after MCAO	More angiogenesis; smaller infarcted volume; higher function recovery	[170]
Hif-1α	Lentivirus	BM-MSCs	1.0 × 106	Intracerebral injection	24 hours after MCAO	Lower level of proinflammatory cytokines; higher level of neurotrophins; smaller infarcted volume; higher function recovery	[169]
TSP4	Lentivirus	BM-MSCs	2.0 × 106	Intravenous injection	3 hours after MCAO	Higher levels of Ang-1 and vWF; more angiogenesis; higher function recovery	[209]
IL-10	Adeno-associated virus	hBM-MSCs	1.0 × 106	Intravenous injection	0 or 3 hours after MCAO	Lower level of proinflammatory cytokines and microglial activation; smaller infarcted volume; higher function recovery	[162]
CCR2	Lentivirus	BM-MSCs	2.0 × 106	Intravenous injection	24 hours after MCAO	More homing; less BBB leakage; higher function recovery	[159]
CCL2	None	hUC-MSCs	1.0 × 106	Intravenous injection	1 and 4 days after MCAO	More homing; more angiogenesis and neurogenesis; less neuroinflammation; smaller infarcted volume; higher function recovery	[160]
Ngn1	Retrovirus	hBM-MSCs	1.0 × 106	Intra-arterial injection	2 hours after MCAO	More homing; fewer apoptotic cells; less neuroinflammation; higher function recovery	[161]
Noggin	Adenovirus	BM-MSCs	5.0 × 106	Intravenous injection	6 hours after MCAO	More neurogenesis; smaller infarcted volume; higher function recovery	[164]