Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Study | Year | LG/CG | Sample size, n | Age, y | Males, n (%) | Hypertension, n (%) | Diabetes, n (%) | Smokers, n (%) | Follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kumarathurai et al. [18] | 2021 | LG | 30 | 63.1 ± 6.6 | 24 (80) | 23 (77) | 30 (100) | 14 (36) | 12 weeks |
| CG | 30 | ||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Paiman et al. [19] | 2020 | LG | 22 | 55 ± 11 | 8 (36) | NR | 22 (100) | 8 (36) | 26 weeks |
| CG | 25 | 55 ± 9 | 11 (44) | 25 (100) | 5 (20) | ||||
|
| |||||||||
| Wagner et al. [20] | 2019 | LG | 12 | 53.2 ± 9.7 | 4 (33) | 7 (58) | 12 (100) | 2 (17) | 6 months |
| CG | 12 | 52.6 ± 13.8 | 5 (42) | 8 (67) | 12 (100) | 3 (25) | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Bizino et al. [21] | 2019 | LG | 23 | 60 ± 6 | 14 (61) | NR | 23 (100) | 13 (56) | 26 weeks |
| CG | 26 | 59 ± 7 | 15 (58) | 26 (100) | 18 (69) | ||||
|
| |||||||||
| Jorgensen et al. [22] | 2017 | LG | 16 | 57 ± 10 | NR | NR | 16 (100) | NR | 16 weeks |
| CG | 16 | 16 (100) | |||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Zhang et al. [23] | 2017 | LG | 26 | 59.1 ± 11.8 | 20 (77) | 17 (65) | 5 (19) | 15 (58) | 1 week |
| CG | 26 | 58.7 ± 11.4 | 19 (73) | 16 (62) | 7 (27) | 17 (65) | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Jorsal et al. [24] | 2017 | LG | 122 | 65 ± 9.2 | 109 (89) | NR | 39 (32) | 25 (21) | 24 weeks |
| CG | 119 | 65 ± 10.7 | 106 (89) | 35 (29) | 23 (19) | ||||
|
| |||||||||
| Chen et al. [25] | 2016 | LG | 45 | 58.0 ± 11.7 | 34 (76) | 27 (60) | 9 (20) | 25 (56) | 3 months |
| CG | 45 | 59.0 ± 12.1 | 32 (71) | 29 (64) | 13 (28) | 27 (60) | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Kumarathurai et al. [26] | 2016 | LG | 30 | 61.8 ± 7.6 | 31 (79) | 29 (74) | 30 (100) | 14 (36) | 12 weeks |
| CG | 30 | ||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Chen et al. [27] | 2016 | LG | 39 | 57.1 ± 13.0 | 27 (69) | 18 (46) | 5 (13) | 13 (33) | 3 months |
| CG | 38 | 58.7 ± 12.7 | 26 (68) | 19 (48) | 7 (18) | 14 (37) | |||
LG: liraglutide group; CG: control group; NR: not reported.